Statistical Functions Part Five

RANK function numbers;determining ranks RANK Returns the rank of a number in a sample.

RANK(Value; Data; Type) Value is the value, whose rank is to be determined. Data is the array or range of data in the sample. Type (optional) is the sequence order. Type = 0 means descending from the last item of the array to the first (this is the default), Type = 1 means ascending from the first item of the range to the last.

=RANK(A10;A1:A50) returns the ranking of the value in A10 in value range A1:A50. If Value does not exist within the range an error message is displayed.

RANK.AVG function numbers;determining ranks RANK.AVG Returns the statistical rank of a given value, within a supplied array of values. If there are duplicate values in the list, the average rank is returned. The difference between RANK.AVG and RANK.EQ occurs when there are duplicates in the list of values. The RANK.EQ function returns the lower rank, whereas the RANK.AVG function returns the average rank.

RANK.AVG(Value; Data; Type) Value is the value, whose rank is to be determined. Data is the array or range of data in the sample. Type (optional) is the sequence order. Type = 0 means descending from the last item of the array to the first (this is the default), Type = 1 means ascending from the first item of the range to the last.

=RANK.AVG(A10;A1:A50) returns the ranking of the value in A10 in value range A1:A50. If Value does not exist within the range an error message is displayed.

RANK.EQ function numbers;determining ranks RANK.EQ Returns the statistical rank of a given value, within a supplied array of values. If there are duplicate values in the list, these are given the same rank. The difference between RANK.AVG and RANK.EQ occurs when there are duplicates in the list of values. The RANK.EQ function returns the lower rank, whereas the RANK.AVG function returns the average rank.

RANK.EQ(Value; Data; Type) Value is the value, whose rank is to be determined. Data is the array or range of data in the sample. Type (optional) is the sequence order. Type = 0 means descending from the last item of the array to the first (this is the default), Type = 1 means ascending from the first item of the range to the last.

=RANK.EQ(A10;A1:A50) returns the ranking of the value in A10 in value range A1:A50. If Value does not exist within the range an error message is displayed.

SKEW function SKEW Returns the skewness of a distribution.

SKEW(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges.

=SKEW(A1:A50) calculates the value of skew for the data referenced.

regression lines;FORECAST function extrapolations FORECAST function mw made "regression lines" a two level entry FORECAST Extrapolates future values based on existing x and y values.

FORECAST(Value; DataY; DataX) Value is the x value, for which the y value on the linear regression is to be returned. DataY is the array or range of known y's. DataX is the array or range of known x's.

=FORECAST(50;A1:A50;B1;B50) returns the Y value expected for the X value of 50 if the X and Y values in both references are linked by a linear trend.

regression lines;FORECAST.LINEAR function extrapolations FORECAST.LINEAR function FORECAST.LINEAR Extrapolates future values based on existing x and y values.

FORECAST.LINEAR(Value; DataY; DataX) Value is the x value, for which the y value on the linear regression is to be returned. DataY is the array or range of known y's. DataX is the array or range of known x's.

=FORECAST.LINEAR(50;A1:A50;B1;B50) returns the Y value expected for the X value of 50 if the X and Y values in both references are linked by a linear trend.

STDEV function standard deviations in statistics;based on a sample STDEV Estimates the standard deviation based on a sample.

STDEV(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges representing a sample based on an entire population.

=STDEV(A1:A50) returns the estimated standard deviation based on the data referenced.

STDEVA function STDEVA Calculates the standard deviation of an estimation based on a sample.

STDEVA(Value1; Value2; ...; Value30) Value1, Value2, ..., Value30 are values or ranges representing a sample derived from an entire population. Text has the value 0.

=STDEVA(A1:A50) returns the estimated standard deviation based on the data referenced.

STDEVP function standard deviations in statistics;based on a population STDEVP Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population.

STDEVP(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges representing an entire population.

=STDEVP(A1:A50) returns a standard deviation of the data referenced.

STDEV.P function standard deviations in statistics;based on a population STDEV.P Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population.

STDEV.P(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges representing an entire population.

=STDEV.P(A1:A50) returns a standard deviation of the data referenced.

STDEV.S function standard deviations in statistics;based on a sample STDEV.S Calculates the standard deviation based on sample of the population.

STDEV.S(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges representing a sample of the population.

=STDEV.S(A1:A50) returns a standard deviation of the data referenced.

STDEVPA function STDEVPA Calculates the standard deviation based on the entire population.

STDEVPA(Value1; Value2; ...; Value30) Value1, Value2, ..., Value30 are values or ranges representing an entire population. Text has the value 0.

=STDEVPA(A1:A50) returns the standard deviation of the data referenced.

STANDARDIZE function converting;random variables, into normalized values STANDARDIZE Converts a random variable to a normalized value.

STANDARDIZE(Number; Mean; StDev) Number is the value to be standardized. Mean is the arithmetic mean of the distribution. StDev is the standard deviation of the distribution.

=STANDARDIZE(11;10;1) returns 1. The value 11 in a normal distribution with a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 1 is as much above the mean of 10, as the value 1 is above the mean of the standard normal distribution.

NORMSINV function normal distribution;inverse of standard NORMSINV Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution.

NORMSINV(Number) Number is the probability to which the inverse standard normal distribution is calculated.

=NORMSINV(0.908789) returns 1.3333.

NORM.S.INV function normal distribution;inverse of standard NORM.S.INV Returns the inverse of the standard normal cumulative distribution.

NORM.S.INV(Number) Number is the probability to which the inverse standard normal distribution is calculated.

=NORM.S.INV(0.908789) returns 1.333334673.

NORMSDIST function normal distribution;statistics NORMSDIST Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution function. The distribution has a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one. It is GAUSS(x)=NORMSDIST(x)-0.5

NORMSDIST(Number) Number is the value to which the standard normal cumulative distribution is calculated.

=NORMSDIST(1) returns 0.84. The area below the standard normal distribution curve to the left of X value 1 is 84% of the total area.

NORM.S.DIST function normal distribution;statistics NORM.S.DIST Returns the standard normal cumulative distribution function. The distribution has a mean of zero and a standard deviation of one.

NORM.S.DIST(Number; Cumulative) Number is the value to which the standard normal cumulative distribution is calculated. Cumulative 0 or FALSE calculates the probability density function. Any other value or TRUE calculates the cumulative distribution function.

=NORM.S.DIST(1;0) returns 0.2419707245. =NORM.S.DIST(1;1) returns 0.8413447461. The area below the standard normal distribution curve to the left of X value 1 is 84% of the total area.

SLOPE function SLOPE Returns the slope of the linear regression line. The slope is adapted to the data points set in the y and x values.

SLOPE(DataY; DataX) DataY is the array or matrix of Y data. DataX is the array or matrix of X data.

=SLOPE(A1:A50;B1:B50)

STEYX function standard errors;statistical functions mw changed "standard errors" STEYX Returns the standard error of the predicted y value for each x in the regression.

STEYX(DataY; DataX) DataY is the array or matrix of Y data. DataX is the array or matrix of X data.

=STEYX(A1:A50;B1:B50)

DEVSQ function sums;of squares of deviations DEVSQ Returns the sum of squares of deviations based on a sample mean.

DEVSQ(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges representing a sample.

=DEVSQ(A1:A50)

TINV function inverse of t-distribution TINV Returns the inverse of the t-distribution.

TINV(Number; DegreesFreedom) Number is the probability associated with the two-tailed t-distribution. DegreesFreedom is the number of degrees of freedom for the t-distribution.

=TINV(0.1;6) returns 1.94

T.INV function one tailed inverse of t-distribution T.INV Returns the one tailed inverse of the t-distribution.

T.INV(Number; DegreesFreedom) Number is the probability associated with the one-tailed t-distribution. DegreesFreedom is the number of degrees of freedom for the t-distribution.

=T.INV(0.1;6) returns -1.4397557473.

T.INV.2T function inverse of two tailed t-distribution T.INV.2T Calculates the inverse of the two-tailed Student's T Distribution , which is a continuous probability distribution that is frequently used for testing hypotheses on small sample data sets.

T.INV.2T(Number; DegreesFreedom) Number is the probability associated with the two-tailed t-distribution. DegreesFreedom is the number of degrees of freedom for the t-distribution.

=T.INV.2T(0.25; 10) returns 1.221255395.

TTEST function TTEST Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-Test.

TTEST(Data1; Data2; Mode; Type) Data1 is the dependent array or range of data for the first record. Data2 is the dependent array or range of data for the second record. Mode = 1 calculates the one-tailed test, Mode = 2 the two- tailed test. Type is the kind of t-test to perform. Type 1 means paired. Type 2 means two samples, equal variance (homoscedastic). Type 3 means two samples, unequal variance (heteroscedastic).

=TTEST(A1:A50;B1:B50;2;2)

T.TEST function T.TEST Returns the probability associated with a Student's t-Test.

T.TEST(Data1; Data2; Mode; Type) Data1 is the dependent array or range of data for the first record. Data2 is the dependent array or range of data for the second record. Mode = 1 calculates the one-tailed test, Mode = 2 the two- tailed test. Type is the kind of t-test to perform. Type 1 means paired. Type 2 means two samples, equal variance (homoscedastic). Type 3 means two samples, unequal variance (heteroscedastic).

=T.TEST(A1:A50;B1:B50;2;2)

TDIST function t-distribution TDIST Returns the t-distribution.

TDIST(Number; DegreesFreedom; Mode) Number is the value for which the t-distribution is calculated. DegreesFreedom is the number of degrees of freedom for the t-distribution. Mode = 1 returns the one-tailed test, Mode = 2 returns the two-tailed test.

=TDIST(12;5;1)

T.DIST function t-distribution T.DIST Returns the t-distribution.

T.DIST(Number; DegreesFreedom; Cumulative) Number is the value for which the t-distribution is calculated. DegreesFreedom is the number of degrees of freedom for the t-distribution. Cumulative = 0 or FALSE returns the probability density function, 1 or TRUE returns the cumulative distribution function.

=T.DIST(1; 10; TRUE) returns 0.8295534338

T.DIST.2T function two tailed t-distribution T.DIST.2T Calculates the two-tailed Student's T Distribution, which is a continuous probability distribution that is frequently used for testing hypotheses on small sample data sets.

T.DIST.2T(Number; DegreesFreedom) Number is the value for which the t-distribution is calculated. DegreesFreedom is the number of degrees of freedom for the t-distribution.

=T.DIST.2T(1; 10) returns 0.3408931323.

T.DIST.RT function right tailed t-distribution T.DIST.RT Calculates the right-tailed Student's T Distribution, which is a continuous probability distribution that is frequently used for testing hypotheses on small sample data sets.

T.DIST.RT(Number; DegreesFreedom) Number is the value for which the t-distribution is calculated. DegreesFreedom is the number of degrees of freedom for the t-distribution.

=T.DIST.RT(1; 10) returns 0.1704465662.

VAR function variances VAR Estimates the variance based on a sample.

VAR(Number1 ; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges representing a sample based on an entire population.

=VAR(A1:A50)

VAR.S function variances VAR.S Estimates the variance based on a sample.

VAR.S(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges representing a sample based on an entire population.

=VAR.S(A1:A50)

VARA function VARA Estimates a variance based on a sample. The value of text is 0.

VARA(Value1; Value2; ...; Value30) Value1, Value2, ..., Value30 are values or ranges representing a sample derived from an entire population. Text has the value 0.

=VARA(A1:A50)

VARP function VARP Calculates a variance based on the entire population.

VARP(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges representing an entire population.

=VARP(A1:A50)

VAR.P function VAR.P Calculates a variance based on the entire population.

VAR.P(Number1; Number2; ...; Number30) Number1, Number2, ..., Number30 are numerical values or ranges representing an entire population.

=VAR.P(A1:A50)

VARPA function VARPA Calculates the variance based on the entire population. The value of text is 0.

VARPA(Value1; Value2; ...; Value30) Value1, Value2, ..., Value30 are values or ranges representing an entire population.

=VARPA(A1:A50)

PERMUT function number of permutations PERMUT Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects.

PERMUT(Count1; Count2) Count1 is the total number of objects. Count2 is the number of objects in each permutation.

=PERMUT(6;3) returns 120. There are 120 different possibilities, to pick a sequence of 3 playing cards out of 6 playing cards.

PERMUTATIONA function PERMUTATIONA Returns the number of permutations for a given number of objects (repetition allowed).

PERMUTATIONA(Count1; Count2) Count1 is the total number of objects. Count2 is the number of objects in each permutation.

How often can 2 objects be selected from a total of 11 objects? =PERMUTATIONA(11;2) returns 121. =PERMUTATIONA(6;3) returns 216. There are 216 different possibilities to put a sequence of 3 playing cards together out of six playing cards if every card is returned before the next one is drawn.

PROB function PROB Returns the probability that values in a range are between two limits. If there is no End value, this function calculates the probability based on the principle that the Data values are equal to the value of Start.

PROB(Data; Probability; Start; End) Data is the array or range of data in the sample. Probability is the array or range of the corresponding probabilities. Start is the start value of the interval whose probabilities are to be summed. End (optional) is the end value of the interval whose probabilities are to be summed. If this parameter is missing, the probability for the Start value is calculated.

=PROB(A1:A50;B1:B50;50;60) returns the probability with which a value within the range of A1:A50 is also within the limits between 50 and 60. Every value within the range of A1:A50 has a probability within the range of B1:B50.

WEIBULL function WEIBULL Returns the values of the Weibull distribution. The Weibull distribution is a continuous probability distribution, with parameters Alpha > 0 (shape) and Beta > 0 (scale). If C is 0, WEIBULL calculates the probability density function. If C is 1, WEIBULL calculates the cumulative distribution function.

WEIBULL(Number; Alpha; Beta; C) Number is the value at which to calculate the Weibull distribution. Alpha is the shape parameter of the Weibull distribution. Beta is the scale parameter of the Weibull distribution. C indicates the type of function.

=WEIBULL(2;1;1;1) returns 0.86. See also the Wiki page.

WEIBULL.DIST function WEIBULL.DIST Returns the values of the Weibull distribution. The Weibull distribution is a continuous probability distribution, with parameters Alpha > 0 (shape) and Beta > 0 (scale). If C is 0, WEIBULL.DIST calculates the probability density function. If C is 1, WEIBULL.DIST calculates the cumulative distribution function.

WEIBULL.DIST(Number; Alpha; Beta; C) Number is the value at which to calculate the Weibull distribution. Alpha is the shape parameter of the Weibull distribution. Beta is the scale parameter of the Weibull distribution. C indicates the type of function.

=WEIBULL.DIST(2;1;1;1) returns 0.8646647168. See also the Wiki page.