/* Copyright (c) 2008 - 2021 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.

 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:

 The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 all copies or substantial portions of the Software.

 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 THE SOFTWARE. */

#ifndef WITHOUT_HSA_BACKEND

#if !defined(_WIN32)
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

#include "CL/cl_ext.h"

#include "utils/util.hpp"
#include "device/device.hpp"
#include "device/rocm/rocmemory.hpp"
#include "device/rocm/rocdevice.hpp"
#include "device/rocm/rocblit.hpp"
#include "device/rocm/rocglinterop.hpp"
#include "thread/monitor.hpp"
#include "platform/memory.hpp"
#include "platform/sampler.hpp"
#include "amdocl/cl_gl_amd.hpp"
#include "amdocl/cl_vk_amd.hpp"
#ifdef WITH_AMDGPU_PRO
#include "pro/prodriver.hpp"
#endif

namespace roc {

// ======================================= roc::Memory ============================================
Memory::Memory(const roc::Device& dev, amd::Memory& owner)
    : device::Memory(owner),
      dev_(dev),
      deviceMemory_(nullptr),
      kind_(MEMORY_KIND_NORMAL),
      amdImageDesc_(nullptr),
      persistent_host_ptr_(nullptr),
      pinnedMemory_(nullptr) {}

Memory::Memory(const roc::Device& dev, size_t size)
    : device::Memory(size),
      dev_(dev),
      deviceMemory_(nullptr),
      kind_(MEMORY_KIND_NORMAL),
      amdImageDesc_(nullptr),
      persistent_host_ptr_(nullptr),
      pinnedMemory_(nullptr) {}

Memory::~Memory() {
  // Destory pinned memory
  if (flags_ & PinnedMemoryAlloced) {
    pinnedMemory_->release();
  }

  dev().removeVACache(this);
  if (nullptr != mapMemory_) {
    mapMemory_->release();
  }
}

bool Memory::allocateMapMemory(size_t allocationSize) {
  assert(mapMemory_ == nullptr);

  void* mapData = nullptr;

  amd::Memory* mapMemory = dev().findMapTarget(owner()->getSize());
  if (mapMemory == nullptr) {
    // Create buffer object to contain the map target.
    mapMemory = new (dev().context())
        amd::Buffer(dev().context(), CL_MEM_ALLOC_HOST_PTR, owner()->getSize());

    if ((mapMemory == nullptr) || (!mapMemory->create())) {
      LogError("[OCL] Fail to allocate map target object");
      if (mapMemory) {
        mapMemory->release();
      }
      return false;
    }

    roc::Memory* hsaMapMemory = reinterpret_cast<roc::Memory*>(mapMemory->getDeviceMemory(dev_));
    if (hsaMapMemory == nullptr) {
      mapMemory->release();
      return false;
    }
  }

  mapMemory_ = mapMemory;

  return true;
}

void* Memory::allocMapTarget(const amd::Coord3D& origin, const amd::Coord3D& region, uint mapFlags,
                             size_t* rowPitch, size_t* slicePitch) {
  // Map/Unmap must be serialized.
  amd::ScopedLock lock(owner()->lockMemoryOps());

  incIndMapCount();
  // If the device backing storage is direct accessible, use it.
  if (isHostMemDirectAccess()) {
    if (owner()->getHostMem() != nullptr) {
      return (static_cast<char*>(owner()->getHostMem()) + origin[0]);
    }

    return (static_cast<char*>(deviceMemory_) + origin[0]);
  }
  if (IsPersistentDirectMap()) {
    return (static_cast<char*>(persistent_host_ptr_) + origin[0]);
  }

  // Allocate one if needed.
  if (indirectMapCount_ == 1) {
    if (!allocateMapMemory(owner()->getSize())) {
      decIndMapCount();
      DevLogPrintfError("Cannot allocate Map memory for size: %u \n",
                        owner()->getSize());
      return nullptr;
    }
  } else {
    // Did the map resource allocation fail?
    if (mapMemory_ == nullptr) {
      LogError("Could not map target resource");
      return nullptr;
    }
  }

  void* mappedMemory = nullptr;
  void* hostMem = owner()->getHostMem();

  if (owner()->getSvmPtr() != nullptr) {
    owner()->commitSvmMemory();
    mappedMemory = owner()->getSvmPtr();
  } else if (hostMem != nullptr) {    // Otherwise, check for host memory.
    return (reinterpret_cast<address>(hostMem) + origin[0]);
  } else {
    mappedMemory = reinterpret_cast<address>(mapMemory_->getHostMem()) + origin[0];
  }

  return mappedMemory;
}

void Memory::decIndMapCount() {
  // Map/Unmap must be serialized.
  amd::ScopedLock lock(owner()->lockMemoryOps());

  if (indirectMapCount_ == 0) {
    LogError("decIndMapCount() called when indirectMapCount_ already zero");
    return;
  }

  // Decrement the counter and release indirect map if it's the last op
  if (--indirectMapCount_ == 0 && mapMemory_ != nullptr) {
    if (!dev().addMapTarget(mapMemory_)) {
      // Release the buffer object containing the map data.
      mapMemory_->release();
    }
    mapMemory_ = nullptr;
  }
}

void* Memory::cpuMap(device::VirtualDevice& vDev, uint flags, uint startLayer, uint numLayers,
                     size_t* rowPitch, size_t* slicePitch) {
  // Create the map target.
  void* mapTarget = allocMapTarget(amd::Coord3D(0), amd::Coord3D(0), 0, rowPitch, slicePitch);

  assert(mapTarget != nullptr);

  // CPU access requires a stall of the current queue
  static_cast<roc::VirtualGPU&>(vDev).releaseGpuMemoryFence();

  if (!isHostMemDirectAccess() && !IsPersistentDirectMap()) {
    if (!vDev.blitMgr().readBuffer(*this, mapTarget, amd::Coord3D(0), amd::Coord3D(size()), true)) {
      decIndMapCount();
      DevLogError("Cannot read buffer \n");
      return nullptr;
    }
  }

  return mapTarget;
}

void Memory::cpuUnmap(device::VirtualDevice& vDev) {
  if (!isHostMemDirectAccess() && !IsPersistentDirectMap()) {
    if (!vDev.blitMgr().writeBuffer(mapMemory_->getHostMem(), *this, amd::Coord3D(0),
                                    amd::Coord3D(size()), true)) {
      LogError("[OCL] Fail sync the device memory on cpuUnmap");
    }
    // Wait on CPU for the transfer
    static_cast<roc::VirtualGPU&>(vDev).releaseGpuMemoryFence();
  }
  decIndMapCount();
}

hsa_status_t Memory::interopMapBuffer(int fd) {
  hsa_agent_t agent = dev().getBackendDevice();
  size_t size;
  size_t metadata_size = 0;
  void* metadata;
  hsa_status_t status = hsa_amd_interop_map_buffer(
      1, &agent, fd, 0, &size, &interop_deviceMemory_,
      &metadata_size, (const void**)&metadata);
  ClPrint(amd::LOG_DEBUG, amd::LOG_MEM, "Map Interop memory %p, size 0x%zx",
          interop_deviceMemory_, size);
  deviceMemory_ = static_cast<char*>(interop_deviceMemory_);// + out.buf_offset;
  if (status != HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS) return status;
  // if map_buffer wrote a legitimate SRD, copy it to amdImageDesc_
  if ((metadata_size != 0) &&
      (reinterpret_cast<hsa_amd_image_descriptor_t*>(metadata)->deviceID ==
       amdImageDesc_->deviceID)) {
    memcpy(amdImageDesc_, metadata, metadata_size);
  }
  kind_ = MEMORY_KIND_INTEROP;
  assert(deviceMemory_ != nullptr && "Interop map failed to produce a pointer!");
  return status;
}

// Setup an interop buffer (dmabuf handle) as an OpenCL buffer
bool Memory::createInteropBuffer(GLenum targetType, int miplevel) {
#if defined(_WIN32)
  return false;
#else
  assert(owner()->isInterop() && "Object is not an interop object.");

  mesa_glinterop_export_in in = {0};
  mesa_glinterop_export_out out = {0};

  in.version = MESA_GLINTEROP_EXPORT_IN_VERSION;
  out.version = MESA_GLINTEROP_EXPORT_OUT_VERSION;

  if (owner()->getMemFlags() & CL_MEM_READ_ONLY)
    in.access = MESA_GLINTEROP_ACCESS_READ_ONLY;
  else if (owner()->getMemFlags() & CL_MEM_WRITE_ONLY)
    in.access = MESA_GLINTEROP_ACCESS_WRITE_ONLY;
  else
    in.access = MESA_GLINTEROP_ACCESS_READ_WRITE;

  hsa_agent_t agent = dev().getBackendDevice();
  uint32_t id;
  hsa_agent_get_info(agent, static_cast<hsa_agent_info_t>(HSA_AMD_AGENT_INFO_CHIP_ID), &id);

  static constexpr int MaxMetadataSizeDwords = 64;
  static constexpr int MaxMetadataSizeBytes = MaxMetadataSizeDwords * sizeof(int);
  amdImageDesc_ = reinterpret_cast<hsa_amd_image_descriptor_t*>(new int[MaxMetadataSizeDwords + 2]);
  if (amdImageDesc_ == nullptr) {
    return false;
  }
  amdImageDesc_->version = 1;
  amdImageDesc_->deviceID = AmdVendor << 16 | id;

  in.target = targetType;
  in.obj = owner()->getInteropObj()->asGLObject()->getGLName();
  in.miplevel = miplevel;
  in.out_driver_data_size = MaxMetadataSizeBytes;
  in.out_driver_data = &amdImageDesc_->data[0];

  const auto& glenv = owner()->getContext().glenv();
  if (glenv->isEGL()) {
    if (!MesaInterop::Export(in, out, MesaInterop::MESA_INTEROP_EGL, glenv->getEglDpy(),
                             glenv->getEglOrigCtx()))
      return false;
  } else {
    if (!MesaInterop::Export(in, out, MesaInterop::MESA_INTEROP_GLX, glenv->getDpy(),
                             glenv->getOrigCtx()))
      return false;
  }

  if (interopMapBuffer(out.dmabuf_fd) != HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS) return false;

  close(out.dmabuf_fd);
  deviceMemory_ = static_cast<char*>(interop_deviceMemory_) + out.buf_offset;

  return true;
#endif
}

void Memory::destroyInteropBuffer() {
  assert(kind_ == MEMORY_KIND_INTEROP && "Memory must be interop type.");
  hsa_amd_interop_unmap_buffer(interop_deviceMemory_);
  ClPrint(amd::LOG_DEBUG, amd::LOG_MEM, "Unmap GL memory %p", deviceMemory_);
  deviceMemory_ = nullptr;
}

bool Memory::pinSystemMemory(void* hostPtr, size_t size) {
  size_t pinAllocSize;
  const static bool SysMem = true;
  amd::Memory* amdMemory = nullptr;
  amd::Memory* amdParent = owner()->parent();

  // If memory has a direct access already, then skip the host memory pinning
  if (isHostMemDirectAccess()) {
    return true;
  }

  // Memory was pinned already
  if (flags_ & PinnedMemoryAlloced) {
    return true;
  }

  // Check if runtime allocates a parent object
  if (amdParent != nullptr) {
    Memory* parent = dev().getRocMemory(amdParent);
    amd::Memory* amdPinned = parent->pinnedMemory_;
    if (amdPinned != nullptr) {
      // Create view on the parent's pinned memory
      amdMemory = new (amdPinned->getContext())
          amd::Buffer(*amdPinned, 0, owner()->getOrigin(), owner()->getSize());
      if ((amdMemory != nullptr) && !amdMemory->create()) {
        amdMemory->release();
        amdMemory = nullptr;
      }
    }
  }

  if (amdMemory == nullptr) {
    amdMemory = new (dev().context()) amd::Buffer(dev().context(), CL_MEM_USE_HOST_PTR, size);
    if ((amdMemory != nullptr) && !amdMemory->create(hostPtr, SysMem)) {
      amdMemory->release();
      return false;
    }
  }

  // Get device memory for this virtual device
  // @note: This will force real memory pinning
  Memory* srcMemory = dev().getRocMemory(amdMemory);

  if (srcMemory == nullptr) {
    // Release memory
    amdMemory->release();
    return false;
  } else {
    pinnedMemory_ = amdMemory;
    flags_ |= PinnedMemoryAlloced;
  }

  return true;
}

void Memory::syncCacheFromHost(VirtualGPU& gpu, device::Memory::SyncFlags syncFlags) {
  // If the last writer was another GPU, then make a writeback
  if (!isHostMemDirectAccess() && (owner()->getLastWriter() != nullptr) &&
      (&dev() != owner()->getLastWriter())) {
    // Make sure GPU finished operation before synchronization with the backing store
    gpu.releaseGpuMemoryFence();
    mgpuCacheWriteBack();
  }

  // If host memory doesn't have direct access, then we have to synchronize
  if (!isHostMemDirectAccess() && (nullptr != owner()->getHostMem())) {
    bool hasUpdates = true;
    amd::Memory* amdParent = owner()->parent();

    // Make sure the parent of subbuffer is up to date
    if (!syncFlags.skipParent_ && (amdParent != nullptr)) {
      Memory* gpuMemory = dev().getRocMemory(amdParent);

      //! \note: Skipping the sync for a view doesn't reflect the parent settings,
      //! since a view is a small portion of parent
      device::Memory::SyncFlags syncFlagsTmp;

      // Sync parent from a view, so views have to be skipped
      syncFlagsTmp.skipViews_ = true;

      // Make sure the parent sync is an unique operation.
      // If the app uses multiple subbuffers from multiple queues,
      // then the parent sync can be called from multiple threads
      amd::ScopedLock lock(owner()->parent()->lockMemoryOps());
      gpuMemory->syncCacheFromHost(gpu, syncFlagsTmp);
      //! \note Don't do early exit here, since we still have to sync
      //! this view, if the parent sync operation was a NOP.
      //! If parent was synchronized, then this view sync will be a NOP
    }

    // Is this a NOP?
    if ((version_ == owner()->getVersion()) || (&dev() == owner()->getLastWriter())) {
      hasUpdates = false;
    }

    // Update all available views, since we sync the parent
    if ((owner()->subBuffers().size() != 0) && (hasUpdates || !syncFlags.skipViews_)) {
      device::Memory::SyncFlags syncFlagsTmp;

      // Sync views from parent, so parent has to be skipped
      syncFlagsTmp.skipParent_ = true;

      if (hasUpdates) {
        // Parent will be synced so update all views with a skip
        syncFlagsTmp.skipEntire_ = true;
      } else {
        // Passthrough the skip entire flag to the views, since
        // any view is a submemory of the parent
        syncFlagsTmp.skipEntire_ = syncFlags.skipEntire_;
      }

      amd::ScopedLock lock(owner()->lockMemoryOps());
      for (auto& sub : owner()->subBuffers()) {
        //! \note Don't allow subbuffer's allocation in the worker thread.
        //! It may cause a system lock, because possible resource
        //! destruction, heap reallocation or subbuffer allocation
        static const bool AllocSubBuffer = false;
        device::Memory* devSub = sub->getDeviceMemory(dev(), AllocSubBuffer);
        if (nullptr != devSub) {
          Memory* gpuSub = reinterpret_cast<Memory*>(devSub);
          gpuSub->syncCacheFromHost(gpu, syncFlagsTmp);
        }
      }
    }

    // Make sure we didn't have a NOP,
    // because this GPU device was the last writer
    if (&dev() != owner()->getLastWriter()) {
      // Update the latest version
      version_ = owner()->getVersion();
    }

    // Exit if sync is a NOP or sync can be skipped
    if (!hasUpdates || syncFlags.skipEntire_) {
      return;
    }

    bool result = false;
    static const bool Entire = true;
    amd::Coord3D origin(0, 0, 0);

    // If host memory was pinned then make a transfer
    if (flags_ & PinnedMemoryAlloced) {
      Memory& pinned = *dev().getRocMemory(pinnedMemory_);
      if (owner()->getType() == CL_MEM_OBJECT_BUFFER) {
        amd::Coord3D region(owner()->getSize());
        result = gpu.blitMgr().copyBuffer(pinned, *this, origin, origin, region, Entire);
      } else {
        amd::Image& image = static_cast<amd::Image&>(*owner());
        result =
            gpu.blitMgr().copyBufferToImage(pinned, *this, origin, origin, image.getRegion(),
                                            Entire, image.getRowPitch(), image.getSlicePitch());
      }
    }

    if (!result) {
      if (owner()->getType() == CL_MEM_OBJECT_BUFFER) {
        amd::Coord3D region(owner()->getSize());
        result = gpu.blitMgr().writeBuffer(owner()->getHostMem(), *this, origin, region, Entire);
      } else {
        amd::Image& image = static_cast<amd::Image&>(*owner());
        result = gpu.blitMgr().writeImage(owner()->getHostMem(), *this, origin, image.getRegion(),
                                          image.getRowPitch(), image.getSlicePitch(), Entire);
      }
    }

    // Should never fail
    assert(result && "Memory synchronization failed!");
  }
}

void Memory::syncHostFromCache(device::Memory::SyncFlags syncFlags) {
  // Sanity checks
  assert(owner() != nullptr);

  // If host memory doesn't have direct access, then we have to synchronize
  if (!isHostMemDirectAccess()) {
    bool hasUpdates = true;
    amd::Memory* amdParent = owner()->parent();

    // Make sure the parent of subbuffer is up to date
    if (!syncFlags.skipParent_ && (amdParent != nullptr)) {
      device::Memory* m = dev().getRocMemory(amdParent);

      //! \note: Skipping the sync for a view doesn't reflect the parent settings,
      //! since a view is a small portion of parent
      device::Memory::SyncFlags syncFlagsTmp;

      // Sync parent from a view, so views have to be skipped
      syncFlagsTmp.skipViews_ = true;

      // Make sure the parent sync is an unique operation.
      // If the app uses multiple subbuffers from multiple queues,
      // then the parent sync can be called from multiple threads
      amd::ScopedLock lock(owner()->parent()->lockMemoryOps());
      m->syncHostFromCache(syncFlagsTmp);
      //! \note Don't do early exit here, since we still have to sync
      //! this view, if the parent sync operation was a NOP.
      //! If parent was synchronized, then this view sync will be a NOP
    }

    // Is this a NOP?
    if ((nullptr == owner()->getLastWriter()) || (version_ == owner()->getVersion())) {
      hasUpdates = false;
    }

    // Update all available views, since we sync the parent
    if ((owner()->subBuffers().size() != 0) && (hasUpdates || !syncFlags.skipViews_)) {
      device::Memory::SyncFlags syncFlagsTmp;

      // Sync views from parent, so parent has to be skipped
      syncFlagsTmp.skipParent_ = true;

      if (hasUpdates) {
        // Parent will be synced so update all views with a skip
        syncFlagsTmp.skipEntire_ = true;
      } else {
        // Passthrough the skip entire flag to the views, since
        // any view is a submemory of the parent
        syncFlagsTmp.skipEntire_ = syncFlags.skipEntire_;
      }

      amd::ScopedLock lock(owner()->lockMemoryOps());
      for (auto& sub : owner()->subBuffers()) {
        //! \note Don't allow subbuffer's allocation in the worker thread.
        //! It may cause a system lock, because possible resource
        //! destruction, heap reallocation or subbuffer allocation
        static const bool AllocSubBuffer = false;
        device::Memory* devSub = sub->getDeviceMemory(dev(), AllocSubBuffer);
        if (nullptr != devSub) {
          Memory* gpuSub = reinterpret_cast<Memory*>(devSub);
          gpuSub->syncHostFromCache(syncFlagsTmp);
        }
      }
    }

    // Make sure we didn't have a NOP,
    // because CPU was the last writer
    if (nullptr != owner()->getLastWriter()) {
      // Mark parent as up to date, set our version accordingly
      version_ = owner()->getVersion();
    }

    // Exit if sync is a NOP or sync can be skipped
    if (!hasUpdates || syncFlags.skipEntire_) {
      return;
    }

    bool result = false;
    static const bool Entire = true;
    amd::Coord3D origin(0, 0, 0);

    // If backing store was pinned then make a transfer
    if (flags_ & PinnedMemoryAlloced) {
      Memory& pinned = *dev().getRocMemory(pinnedMemory_);
      if (owner()->getType() == CL_MEM_OBJECT_BUFFER) {
        amd::Coord3D region(owner()->getSize());
        result = dev().xferMgr().copyBuffer(*this, pinned, origin, origin, region, Entire);
      } else {
        amd::Image& image = static_cast<amd::Image&>(*owner());
        result =
            dev().xferMgr().copyImageToBuffer(*this, pinned, origin, origin, image.getRegion(),
                                              Entire, image.getRowPitch(), image.getSlicePitch());
      }
    }

    // Just do a basic host read
    if (!result) {
      if (owner()->getType() == CL_MEM_OBJECT_BUFFER) {
        amd::Coord3D region(owner()->getSize());
        result = dev().xferMgr().readBuffer(*this, owner()->getHostMem(), origin, region, Entire);
      } else {
        amd::Image& image = static_cast<amd::Image&>(*owner());
        result = dev().xferMgr().readImage(*this, owner()->getHostMem(), origin, image.getRegion(),
                                           image.getRowPitch(), image.getSlicePitch(), Entire);
      }
    }

    // Should never fail
    assert(result && "Memory synchronization failed!");
  }
}

void Memory::mgpuCacheWriteBack() {
  // Lock memory object, so only one write back can occur
  amd::ScopedLock lock(owner()->lockMemoryOps());

  // Attempt to allocate a staging buffer if don't have any
  if (owner()->getHostMem() == nullptr) {
    if (nullptr != owner()->getSvmPtr()) {
      owner()->commitSvmMemory();
      owner()->setHostMem(owner()->getSvmPtr());
    } else {
      static const bool forceAllocHostMem = true;
      owner()->allocHostMemory(nullptr, forceAllocHostMem);
    }
  }

  // Make synchronization
  if (owner()->getHostMem() != nullptr) {
    //! \note Ignore pinning result
    bool ok = pinSystemMemory(owner()->getHostMem(), owner()->getSize());
    owner()->cacheWriteBack();
  }
}

// ==================================== roc::Buffer ===============================================
Buffer::Buffer(const roc::Device& dev, amd::Memory& owner) : roc::Memory(dev, owner) {}

Buffer::Buffer(const roc::Device& dev, size_t size) : roc::Memory(dev, size) {}

Buffer::~Buffer() {
  if (owner() == nullptr) {
    dev().hostFree(deviceMemory_, size());
  } else {
    destroy();
  }
}

// ================================================================================================
void Buffer::destroy() {
  if (owner()->parent() != nullptr) {
    return;
  }

  if (kind_ == MEMORY_KIND_INTEROP) {
    destroyInteropBuffer();
    return;
  }

  cl_mem_flags memFlags = owner()->getMemFlags();

  if (owner()->getSvmPtr() != nullptr) {
    if (dev().forceFineGrain(owner()) || dev().isFineGrainedSystem(true)) {
      memFlags |= CL_MEM_SVM_FINE_GRAIN_BUFFER;
    }
    const bool isFineGrain = memFlags & CL_MEM_SVM_FINE_GRAIN_BUFFER;

    if (kind_ != MEMORY_KIND_PTRGIVEN) {
      if (isFineGrain) {
        if (memFlags & CL_MEM_ALLOC_HOST_PTR) {
          if (dev().info().hmmSupported_) {
            // AMD HMM path. Destroy system memory
            amd::Os::uncommitMemory(deviceMemory_, size());
            amd::Os::releaseMemory(deviceMemory_, size());
          } else {
            dev().hostFree(deviceMemory_, size());
          }
        } else if (memFlags & ROCCLR_MEM_HSA_SIGNAL_MEMORY) {
          if (HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS != hsa_signal_destroy(signal_)) {
            ClPrint(amd::LOG_DEBUG, amd::LOG_MEM,
                    "[ROCClr] ROCCLR_MEM_HSA_SIGNAL_MEMORY signal destroy failed \n");
          }
          deviceMemory_ = nullptr;
        } else {
          dev().hostFree(deviceMemory_, size());
        }
      } else {
        dev().memFree(deviceMemory_, size());
      }
    }

    if ((deviceMemory_ != nullptr) &&
        (dev().settings().apuSystem_ || !isFineGrain)) {
      const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(size(), true);
    }

    return;
  }

#ifdef WITH_AMDGPU_PRO
  if ((memFlags & CL_MEM_USE_PERSISTENT_MEM_AMD) && dev().ProEna()) {
    dev().iPro().FreeDmaBuffer(deviceMemory_);
    return;
  }
#endif
  if (deviceMemory_ != nullptr) {
    if (deviceMemory_ != owner()->getHostMem()) {
      // if they are identical, the host pointer will be
      // deallocated later on => avoid double deallocation
      if (isHostMemDirectAccess()) {
        if (memFlags & (CL_MEM_USE_HOST_PTR | CL_MEM_ALLOC_HOST_PTR)) {
          if (dev().agent_profile() != HSA_PROFILE_FULL) {
            hsa_amd_memory_unlock(owner()->getHostMem());
          }
        }
      } else {
        dev().memFree(deviceMemory_, size());
        const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(size(), true);
      }
    }
    else {
      if (!(memFlags & (CL_MEM_USE_HOST_PTR | CL_MEM_ALLOC_HOST_PTR | CL_MEM_COPY_HOST_PTR))) {
        dev().memFree(deviceMemory_, size());
        if (dev().settings().apuSystem_) {
          const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(size(), true);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (memFlags & CL_MEM_USE_HOST_PTR) {
    if (dev().agent_profile() == HSA_PROFILE_FULL) {
      hsa_memory_deregister(owner()->getHostMem(), size());
    }
  }
}

// ================================================================================================
bool Buffer::create() {
  if (owner() == nullptr) {
    deviceMemory_ = dev().hostAlloc(size(), 1, Device::MemorySegment::kNoAtomics);
    if (deviceMemory_ != nullptr) {
      flags_ |= HostMemoryDirectAccess;
      return true;
    }
    return false;
  }

  // Allocate backing storage in device local memory unless UHP or AHP are set
  cl_mem_flags memFlags = owner()->getMemFlags();

  if ((owner()->parent() == nullptr) &&
      (owner()->getSvmPtr() != nullptr)) {
    if (dev().forceFineGrain(owner()) || dev().isFineGrainedSystem(true)) {
      memFlags |= CL_MEM_SVM_FINE_GRAIN_BUFFER;
    }
    const bool isFineGrain = memFlags & CL_MEM_SVM_FINE_GRAIN_BUFFER;

    if (isFineGrain) {
      // Use CPU direct access for the fine grain buffer
      flags_ |= HostMemoryDirectAccess;
    }

    if (owner()->getSvmPtr() == reinterpret_cast<void*>(amd::Memory::MemoryType::kSvmMemoryPtr)) {
      if (isFineGrain) {
        if (memFlags & CL_MEM_ALLOC_HOST_PTR) {
          if (dev().info().hmmSupported_) {
            // AMD HMM path. Just allocate system memory and KFD will manage it
            deviceMemory_ =  amd::Os::reserveMemory(
                0, size(), amd::Os::pageSize(), amd::Os::MEM_PROT_RW);
            amd::Os::commitMemory(deviceMemory_, size(), amd::Os::MEM_PROT_RW);
            // Currently HMM requires cirtain initial calls to mark sysmem allocation as
            // GPU accessible or prefetch memory into GPU
            if (!dev().SvmAllocInit(deviceMemory_, size())) {
              ClPrint(amd::LOG_ERROR, amd::LOG_MEM, "SVM init in ROCr failed!");
              return false;
            }
          } else {
            deviceMemory_ = dev().hostAlloc(size(), 1, Device::MemorySegment::kNoAtomics);
          }
        } else if (memFlags & CL_MEM_FOLLOW_USER_NUMA_POLICY) {
          deviceMemory_ = dev().hostNumaAlloc(size(), 1, (memFlags & CL_MEM_SVM_ATOMICS) != 0);
        } else if (memFlags & ROCCLR_MEM_HSA_SIGNAL_MEMORY) {
          // TODO: ROCr will introduce a new attribute enum that implies a non-blocking signal,
          // replace "HSA_AMD_SIGNAL_AMD_GPU_ONLY" with this new enum when it is ready.
          if (HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS !=
              hsa_amd_signal_create(kInitSignalValueOne, 0, nullptr, HSA_AMD_SIGNAL_AMD_GPU_ONLY,
                                    &signal_)) {
            ClPrint(amd::LOG_ERROR, amd::LOG_MEM,
                    "[ROCclr] ROCCLR_MEM_HSA_SIGNAL_MEMORY signal creation failed");
            return false;
          }
          volatile hsa_signal_value_t* signalValuePtr = nullptr;
          if (HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS != hsa_amd_signal_value_pointer(signal_, &signalValuePtr)) {
            ClPrint(amd::LOG_ERROR, amd::LOG_MEM,
                    "[ROCclr] ROCCLR_MEM_HSA_SIGNAL_MEMORY pointer query failed");
            return false;
          }

          deviceMemory_ = const_cast<long int*>(signalValuePtr);  // conversion to void * is
                                                                  // implicit

          // Disable host access to force blit path for memeory writes.
          flags_ &= ~HostMemoryDirectAccess;
        } else {
          deviceMemory_ = dev().hostAlloc(size(), 1, ((memFlags & CL_MEM_SVM_ATOMICS) != 0)
                                                       ? Device::MemorySegment::kAtomics
                                                       : Device::MemorySegment::kNoAtomics);
        }
      } else {
        assert(!isHostMemDirectAccess() && "Runtime doesn't support direct access to GPU memory!");
        deviceMemory_ = dev().deviceLocalAlloc(size(), (memFlags & CL_MEM_SVM_ATOMICS) != 0);
      }
      owner()->setSvmPtr(deviceMemory_);
    } else {
      deviceMemory_ = owner()->getSvmPtr();
      if (owner()->getSvmPtr() == reinterpret_cast<void*>(amd::Memory::MemoryType
                                                          ::kArenaMemoryPtr)) {
        kind_ = MEMORY_KIND_ARENA;
      } else {
        kind_ = MEMORY_KIND_PTRGIVEN;
      }
    }

    if ((deviceMemory_ != nullptr) && (dev().settings().apuSystem_ || !isFineGrain)
                                   && (kind_ != MEMORY_KIND_ARENA)) {
      const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(size(), false);
    }

    return deviceMemory_ != nullptr;
  }

  // Interop buffer
  if (owner()->isInterop()) {
    amd::InteropObject* interop = owner()->getInteropObj();
    amd::VkObject* vkObject = interop->asVkObject();
    amd::GLObject* glObject = interop->asGLObject();
    if (vkObject != nullptr) {
      hsa_status_t status = interopMapBuffer(vkObject->getVkSharedHandle());
      if (status != HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS) return false;
      return true;
    } else if (glObject != nullptr) {
      return createInteropBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER,0);
    }
  }
  if (nullptr != owner()->parent()) {
    amd::Memory& parent = *owner()->parent();
    // Sub-Buffer creation.
    roc::Memory* parentBuffer = static_cast<roc::Memory*>(parent.getDeviceMemory(dev_));

    if (parentBuffer == nullptr) {
      LogError("[OCL] Fail to allocate parent buffer");
      return false;
    }

    const size_t offset = owner()->getOrigin();
    deviceMemory_ = parentBuffer->getDeviceMemory() + offset;

    flags_ |= parentBuffer->isHostMemDirectAccess() ? HostMemoryDirectAccess : 0;
    flags_ |= parentBuffer->isCpuUncached() ? MemoryCpuUncached : 0;

    // Explicitly set the host memory location,
    // because the parent location could change after reallocation
    if (nullptr != parent.getHostMem()) {
      owner()->setHostMem(reinterpret_cast<char*>(parent.getHostMem()) + offset);
    } else {
      owner()->setHostMem(nullptr);
    }

    return true;
  }

#ifdef WITH_AMDGPU_PRO
  if ((memFlags & CL_MEM_USE_PERSISTENT_MEM_AMD) && dev().ProEna()) {
    void* host_ptr = nullptr;
    deviceMemory_ = dev().iPro().AllocDmaBuffer(dev().getBackendDevice(), size(), &host_ptr);
    if (deviceMemory_ == nullptr) {
      return false;
    }
    persistent_host_ptr_ = host_ptr;
    return true;
  }
#endif

  if (!(memFlags & (CL_MEM_USE_HOST_PTR | CL_MEM_ALLOC_HOST_PTR))) {
    deviceMemory_ = dev().deviceLocalAlloc(size());

    if (deviceMemory_ == nullptr) {
      // TODO: device memory is not enabled yet.
      // Fallback to system memory if exist.
      flags_ |= HostMemoryDirectAccess;
      if (dev().agent_profile() == HSA_PROFILE_FULL && owner()->getHostMem() != nullptr) {
        deviceMemory_ = owner()->getHostMem();
        assert(
            amd::isMultipleOf(deviceMemory_, static_cast<size_t>(dev().info().memBaseAddrAlign_)));
        return true;
      }

      deviceMemory_ = dev().hostAlloc(size(), 1, Device::MemorySegment::kNoAtomics);
      owner()->setHostMem(deviceMemory_);

      if ((deviceMemory_ != nullptr) && dev().settings().apuSystem_) {
        const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(size(), false);
      }
    }
    else {
      const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(size(), false);
    }

    assert(amd::isMultipleOf(deviceMemory_, static_cast<size_t>(dev().info().memBaseAddrAlign_)));

    // Transfer data only if OCL context has one device.
    // Cache coherency layer will update data for multiple devices
    if (deviceMemory_ && (memFlags & CL_MEM_COPY_HOST_PTR) &&
        (owner()->getContext().devices().size() == 1)) {
      // To avoid recurssive call to Device::createMemory, we perform
      // data transfer to the view of the buffer.
      amd::Buffer* bufferView = new (owner()->getContext())
          amd::Buffer(*owner(), 0, owner()->getOrigin(), owner()->getSize());
      bufferView->create(nullptr, false, true);

      roc::Buffer* devBufferView = new roc::Buffer(dev_, *bufferView);
      devBufferView->deviceMemory_ = deviceMemory_;

      bufferView->replaceDeviceMemory(&dev_, devBufferView);

      bool ret = dev().xferMgr().writeBuffer(owner()->getHostMem(), *devBufferView, amd::Coord3D(0),
                                             amd::Coord3D(size()), true);

      // Release host memory, since runtime copied data
      owner()->setHostMem(nullptr);
      bufferView->release();
      return ret;
    }

    return deviceMemory_ != nullptr;
  }
  assert(owner()->getHostMem() != nullptr);

  flags_ |= HostMemoryDirectAccess;

  if (dev().agent_profile() == HSA_PROFILE_FULL) {
    deviceMemory_ = owner()->getHostMem();

    if (memFlags & CL_MEM_USE_HOST_PTR) {
      hsa_memory_register(deviceMemory_, size());
    }

    return deviceMemory_ != nullptr;
  }

  if (owner()->getSvmPtr() != owner()->getHostMem()) {
    if (memFlags & (CL_MEM_USE_HOST_PTR | CL_MEM_ALLOC_HOST_PTR)) {
      hsa_amd_memory_pool_t pool = (memFlags & CL_MEM_SVM_ATOMICS) ?
                                    dev().SystemSegment() :
                                    (dev().SystemCoarseSegment().handle != 0 ?
                                        dev().SystemCoarseSegment() : dev().SystemSegment());
      hsa_status_t status = hsa_amd_memory_lock_to_pool(owner()->getHostMem(),
          owner()->getSize(), nullptr, 0, pool, 0, &deviceMemory_);
      ClPrint(amd::LOG_DEBUG, amd::LOG_MEM, "Locking to pool %p, size 0x%zx, HostPtr = %p,"
              " DevPtr = %p", pool, owner()->getSize(), owner()->getHostMem(), deviceMemory_ );
      if (status != HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
        DevLogPrintfError("Failed to lock memory to pool, failed with hsa_status: %d \n", status);
        deviceMemory_ = nullptr;
      }
    } else {
      deviceMemory_ = owner()->getHostMem();
    }
  } else {
    deviceMemory_ = owner()->getHostMem();
  }

  return deviceMemory_ != nullptr;
}

// ======================================= roc::Image =============================================
typedef struct ChannelOrderMap {
  uint32_t cl_channel_order;
  hsa_ext_image_channel_order_t hsa_channel_order;
} ChannelOrderMap;

typedef struct ChannelTypeMap {
  uint32_t cl_channel_type;
  hsa_ext_image_channel_type_t hsa_channel_type;
} ChannelTypeMap;

static constexpr ChannelOrderMap kChannelOrderMapping[] = {
    {CL_R, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_R},
    {CL_A, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_A},
    {CL_RG, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_RG},
    {CL_RA, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_RA},
    {CL_RGB, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_RGB},
    {CL_RGBA, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_RGBA},
    {CL_BGRA, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_BGRA},
    {CL_ARGB, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_ARGB},
    {CL_INTENSITY, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_INTENSITY},
    {CL_LUMINANCE, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_LUMINANCE},
    {CL_Rx, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_RX},
    {CL_RGx, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_RGX},
    {CL_RGBx, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_RGBX},
    {CL_DEPTH, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_DEPTH},
    {CL_DEPTH_STENCIL, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_DEPTH_STENCIL},
    {CL_sRGB, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_SRGB},
    {CL_sRGBx, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_SRGBX},
    {CL_sRGBA, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_SRGBA},
    {CL_sBGRA, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_SBGRA},
    {CL_ABGR, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_ORDER_ABGR},
};

static constexpr ChannelTypeMap kChannelTypeMapping[] = {
    {CL_SNORM_INT8, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_SNORM_INT8},
    {CL_SNORM_INT16, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_SNORM_INT16},
    {CL_UNORM_INT8, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_UNORM_INT8},
    {CL_UNORM_INT16, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_UNORM_INT16},
    {CL_UNORM_SHORT_565, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_UNORM_SHORT_565},
    {CL_UNORM_SHORT_555, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_UNORM_SHORT_555},
    {CL_UNORM_INT_101010, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_UNORM_SHORT_101010},
    {CL_SIGNED_INT8, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_SIGNED_INT8},
    {CL_SIGNED_INT16, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_SIGNED_INT16},
    {CL_SIGNED_INT32, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_SIGNED_INT32},
    {CL_UNSIGNED_INT8, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT8},
    {CL_UNSIGNED_INT16, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT16},
    {CL_UNSIGNED_INT32, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_UNSIGNED_INT32},
    {CL_HALF_FLOAT, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_HALF_FLOAT},
    {CL_FLOAT, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_FLOAT},
    {CL_UNORM_INT24, HSA_EXT_IMAGE_CHANNEL_TYPE_UNORM_INT24},
};


static hsa_access_permission_t GetHsaAccessPermission(const cl_mem_flags flags) {
  if (flags & CL_MEM_READ_ONLY)
    return HSA_ACCESS_PERMISSION_RO;
  else if (flags & CL_MEM_WRITE_ONLY)
    return HSA_ACCESS_PERMISSION_WO;
  else
    return HSA_ACCESS_PERMISSION_RW;
}

Image::Image(const roc::Device& dev, amd::Memory& owner) : roc::Memory(dev, owner) {
  flags_ &= (~HostMemoryDirectAccess & ~HostMemoryRegistered);
  populateImageDescriptor();
  hsaImageObject_.handle = 0;
  originalDeviceMemory_ = nullptr;
}

void Image::populateImageDescriptor() {
  amd::Image* image = owner()->asImage();

  // build HSA runtime image descriptor
  imageDescriptor_.width = image->getWidth();
  imageDescriptor_.height = image->getHeight();
  imageDescriptor_.depth = image->getDepth();
  imageDescriptor_.array_size = 0;

  switch (image->getType()) {
    case CL_MEM_OBJECT_IMAGE1D:
      imageDescriptor_.geometry = HSA_EXT_IMAGE_GEOMETRY_1D;
      imageDescriptor_.height = 0;
      imageDescriptor_.depth = 0;
      break;
    case CL_MEM_OBJECT_IMAGE1D_BUFFER:
      imageDescriptor_.geometry = HSA_EXT_IMAGE_GEOMETRY_1DB;
      imageDescriptor_.height = 0;
      imageDescriptor_.depth = 0;
      break;
    case CL_MEM_OBJECT_IMAGE1D_ARRAY:
      //@todo - arraySize = height ?!
      imageDescriptor_.geometry = HSA_EXT_IMAGE_GEOMETRY_1DA;
      imageDescriptor_.height = 0;
      imageDescriptor_.array_size = image->getHeight();
      break;
    case CL_MEM_OBJECT_IMAGE2D:
      imageDescriptor_.geometry = HSA_EXT_IMAGE_GEOMETRY_2D;
      imageDescriptor_.depth = 0;
      break;
    case CL_MEM_OBJECT_IMAGE2D_ARRAY:
      //@todo - arraySize = depth ?!
      imageDescriptor_.geometry = HSA_EXT_IMAGE_GEOMETRY_2DA;
      imageDescriptor_.depth = 0;
      imageDescriptor_.array_size = image->getDepth();
      break;
    case CL_MEM_OBJECT_IMAGE3D:
      imageDescriptor_.geometry = HSA_EXT_IMAGE_GEOMETRY_3D;
      break;
  }

  const int kChannelOrderCount = sizeof(kChannelOrderMapping) / sizeof(ChannelOrderMap);
  for (int i = 0; i < kChannelOrderCount; i++) {
    if (image->getImageFormat().image_channel_order == kChannelOrderMapping[i].cl_channel_order) {
      imageDescriptor_.format.channel_order = kChannelOrderMapping[i].hsa_channel_order;
      break;
    }
  }

  const int kChannelTypeCount = sizeof(kChannelTypeMapping) / sizeof(ChannelTypeMap);
  for (int i = 0; i < kChannelTypeCount; i++) {
    if (image->getImageFormat().image_channel_data_type == kChannelTypeMapping[i].cl_channel_type) {
      imageDescriptor_.format.channel_type = kChannelTypeMapping[i].hsa_channel_type;
      break;
    }
  }

  permission_ = GetHsaAccessPermission(owner()->getMemFlags());
}

bool Image::createInteropImage() {
  auto obj = owner()->getInteropObj()->asGLObject();
  assert(obj->getCLGLObjectType() != CL_GL_OBJECT_BUFFER &&
         "Non-image OpenGL object used with interop image API.");

  GLenum glTarget = obj->getGLTarget();
  if (glTarget == GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP) {
    glTarget = obj->getCubemapFace();
  }

  if (!createInteropBuffer(glTarget, obj->getGLMipLevel())) {
    assert(false && "Failed to map image buffer.");
    return false;
  }

  originalDeviceMemory_ = deviceMemory_;

  if(obj->getGLTarget() == GL_TEXTURE_BUFFER) {
    hsa_status_t err =
        hsa_ext_image_create(dev().getBackendDevice(), &imageDescriptor_,
                             originalDeviceMemory_, permission_, &hsaImageObject_);
    return (err == HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS);
  }

  image_metadata desc;
  if (!desc.create(amdImageDesc_)) {
    return false;
  }

  if (!desc.setMipLevel(obj->getGLMipLevel())) {
    return false;
  }

  if (obj->getGLTarget() == GL_TEXTURE_CUBE_MAP) {
    desc.setFace(obj->getCubemapFace(), dev().isa().versionMajor());
  }

  hsa_status_t err =
      hsa_amd_image_create(dev().getBackendDevice(), &imageDescriptor_, amdImageDesc_,
                           originalDeviceMemory_, permission_, &hsaImageObject_);
  if (err != HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS) return false;

  return true;
}

bool Image::create() {
  if (owner()->parent() != nullptr) {
    if (!ValidateMemory()) {
      return false;
    }
    // Image view creation
    roc::Memory* parent = static_cast<roc::Memory*>(owner()->parent()->getDeviceMemory(dev_));

    if (parent == nullptr) {
      LogError("[OCL] Fail to allocate parent image");
      return false;
    }

    return createView(*parent);
  }

  // Interop image
  if (owner()->isInterop()) {
    return createInteropImage();
  }

  // Checking if original device memory can be accessed by peer devices
  device::Memory* orgDevMem = owner()->getOriginalDeviceMemory();
  if (amd::IS_HIP &&
    orgDevMem != nullptr && orgDevMem->getAllowedPeerAccess()) {
    roc::Image* orgImage = static_cast<roc::Image*>(orgDevMem);
    // fill all required values
    deviceImageInfo_ = orgImage->deviceImageInfo_;
    permission_      = orgImage->permission_;
    deviceMemory_    = orgImage->deviceMemory_;
    hsaImageObject_  = orgImage->hsaImageObject_;
    return true;
  }

  // Get memory size requirement for device specific image.
  hsa_status_t status = hsa_ext_image_data_get_info(dev().getBackendDevice(), &imageDescriptor_,
                                                    permission_, &deviceImageInfo_);

  if (status != HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
    LogPrintfError("[OCL] Fail to allocate image memory, failed with hsa_status: %d \n", status);
    return false;
  }

  // roc::Device::hostAlloc and deviceLocalAlloc implementation does not
  // support alignment larger than HSA memory region allocation granularity.
  // In this case, the user manages the alignment.
  const size_t alloc_size = (deviceImageInfo_.alignment <= dev().alloc_granularity())
      ? deviceImageInfo_.size
      : deviceImageInfo_.size + deviceImageInfo_.alignment;

  if (!(owner()->getMemFlags() & CL_MEM_ALLOC_HOST_PTR)) {
    originalDeviceMemory_ = dev().deviceLocalAlloc(alloc_size);
  }

  if (originalDeviceMemory_ == nullptr) {
    originalDeviceMemory_ = dev().hostAlloc(alloc_size, 1, Device::MemorySegment::kNoAtomics);
    if (originalDeviceMemory_ != nullptr) {
      kind_ = MEMORY_KIND_HOST;
      if (dev().settings().apuSystem_) {
        const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(alloc_size, false);
      }
    }
  }
  else {
    const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(alloc_size, false);
  }
  //record real size of the buffer so we will release and count it correctly.
  deviceImageInfo_.size = alloc_size;

  deviceMemory_ = reinterpret_cast<void*>(
      amd::alignUp(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(originalDeviceMemory_), deviceImageInfo_.alignment));

  assert(amd::isMultipleOf(deviceMemory_, static_cast<size_t>(deviceImageInfo_.alignment)));

  status = hsa_ext_image_create(dev().getBackendDevice(), &imageDescriptor_, deviceMemory_,
                                permission_, &hsaImageObject_);

  if (status != HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
    LogPrintfError("[OCL] Fail to allocate image memory, failed with hsa_status: %d \n", status);
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

bool Image::createView(const Memory& parent) {
  deviceMemory_ = parent.getDeviceMemory();

  originalDeviceMemory_ = (parent.owner()->asBuffer() != nullptr)
      ? deviceMemory_
      : static_cast<const Image&>(parent).originalDeviceMemory_;

  // Detect image view from buffer to distinguish linear paths from tiled.
  amd::Memory* ancestor = parent.owner();
  while ((ancestor->asBuffer() == nullptr) && (ancestor->parent() != nullptr)) {
    ancestor = ancestor->parent();
  }
  bool linearLayout = (ancestor->asBuffer() != nullptr);

  kind_ = parent.getKind();
  version_ = parent.version();

  if (parent.isHostMemDirectAccess()) {
    flags_ |= HostMemoryDirectAccess;
  }

  hsa_status_t status;
  if (linearLayout) {
    if (nullptr != copyImageBuffer_ ) {
      status = HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS;
    } else {
      size_t rowPitch;
      amd::Image& ownerImage = *owner()->asImage();
      size_t elementSize = ownerImage.getImageFormat().getElementSize();
      // First get the row pitch in pixels
      if (ownerImage.getRowPitch() != 0) {
        rowPitch = ownerImage.getRowPitch() / elementSize;
      } else {
        rowPitch = ownerImage.getWidth();
      }

      // Make sure the row pitch is aligned to pixels
      rowPitch = elementSize * amd::alignUp(rowPitch, (dev().info().imagePitchAlignment_ / elementSize));

      status = hsa_ext_image_create_with_layout(
        dev().getBackendDevice(), &imageDescriptor_, deviceMemory_, permission_,
        HSA_EXT_IMAGE_DATA_LAYOUT_LINEAR, rowPitch, 0, &hsaImageObject_);
    }
  } else if (kind_ == MEMORY_KIND_INTEROP) {
    amdImageDesc_ = static_cast<Image*>(parent.owner()->getDeviceMemory(dev()))->amdImageDesc_;
    status = hsa_amd_image_create(dev().getBackendDevice(), &imageDescriptor_, amdImageDesc_,
                                  deviceMemory_, permission_, &hsaImageObject_);
  } else {
    status = hsa_ext_image_create(dev().getBackendDevice(), &imageDescriptor_, deviceMemory_,
                                  permission_, &hsaImageObject_);
  }

  if (status != HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
    LogPrintfError("[OCL] Fail to allocate image memory with status: %d \n", status);
    return false;
  }

  // Explicitly set the host memory location,
  // because the parent location could change after reallocation
  if (nullptr != parent.owner()->getHostMem()) {
    owner()->setHostMem(reinterpret_cast<char*>(parent.owner()->getHostMem()) + owner()->getOrigin());
  }
  else {
    owner()->setHostMem(nullptr);
  }

  return true;
}

void* Image::allocMapTarget(const amd::Coord3D& origin, const amd::Coord3D& region, uint mapFlags,
                            size_t* rowPitch, size_t* slicePitch) {
  amd::ScopedLock lock(owner()->lockMemoryOps());

  incIndMapCount();

  void* pHostMem = owner()->getHostMem();

  amd::Image* image = owner()->asImage();

  size_t elementSize = image->getImageFormat().getElementSize();

  size_t offset = origin[0] * elementSize;
  if (pHostMem == nullptr) {
    if (indirectMapCount_ == 1) {
      if (!allocateMapMemory(owner()->getSize())) {
        decIndMapCount();
        return nullptr;
      }
    } else {
      // Did the map resource allocation fail?
      if (mapMemory_ == nullptr) {
        DevLogError("Could not map target resource");
        return nullptr;
      }
    }

    pHostMem = mapMemory_->getHostMem();

    size_t rowPitchTemp = 0;
    if (rowPitch != nullptr) {
      *rowPitch = region[0] * elementSize;
      rowPitchTemp = *rowPitch;
    }

    size_t slicePitchTmp = 0;

    if (imageDescriptor_.geometry == HSA_EXT_IMAGE_GEOMETRY_1DA) {
      slicePitchTmp = rowPitchTemp;
    } else {
      slicePitchTmp = rowPitchTemp * region[1];
    }
    if (slicePitch != nullptr) {
      *slicePitch = slicePitchTmp;
    }

    return pHostMem;
  }

  // Adjust offset with Y dimension
  offset += image->getRowPitch() * origin[1];

  // Adjust offset with Z dimension
  offset += image->getSlicePitch() * origin[2];

  if (rowPitch != nullptr) {
    *rowPitch = image->getRowPitch();
  }

  if (slicePitch != nullptr) {
    *slicePitch = image->getSlicePitch();
  }

  return (static_cast<uint8_t*>(pHostMem) + offset);
}

Image::~Image() { destroy(); }

void Image::destroy() {
  delete copyImageBuffer_;

  if (hsaImageObject_.handle != 0) {
    hsa_status_t status = hsa_ext_image_destroy(dev().getBackendDevice(), hsaImageObject_);
    assert(status == HSA_STATUS_SUCCESS);
  }

  if (owner()->parent() != nullptr) {
    return;
  }

  delete [] amdImageDesc_;
  amdImageDesc_ = nullptr;

  if (kind_ == MEMORY_KIND_INTEROP) {
    destroyInteropBuffer();
    return;
  }

  if (originalDeviceMemory_ != nullptr) {
    dev().memFree(originalDeviceMemory_, deviceImageInfo_.size);
    if (kind_ == MEMORY_KIND_HOST) {
      if (dev().settings().apuSystem_) {
        const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(deviceImageInfo_.size, true);
      }
    } else {
      const_cast<Device&>(dev()).updateFreeMemory(deviceImageInfo_.size, true);
    }
  }
}

bool Image::ValidateMemory() {
  // Detect image view from buffer to distinguish linear paths from tiled.
  amd::Memory* ancestor = owner()->parent();
  while ((ancestor->asBuffer() == nullptr) && (ancestor->parent() != nullptr)) {
    ancestor = ancestor->parent();
  }
  bool linearLayout = (ancestor->asBuffer() != nullptr);

  if (dev().settings().imageBufferWar_ && linearLayout && (owner() != nullptr) &&
      ((owner()->asImage()->getWidth() * owner()->asImage()->getImageFormat().getElementSize()) <
       owner()->asImage()->getRowPitch())) {
    amd::Image* img = owner()->asImage();
    // Create a native image without pitch for validation
    copyImageBuffer_ =
        new (dev().context()) amd::Image(
                                dev().context(), CL_MEM_OBJECT_IMAGE2D, 0, img->getImageFormat(),
                                img->getWidth(), img->getHeight(), 1, 0, 0);

    if ((copyImageBuffer_ == nullptr) || !copyImageBuffer_->create()) {
      return false;
    }
  }
  return true;
}

}
#endif  // WITHOUT_HSA_BACKEND
