This section of the manual describes the use of the menubar and the menus themselves. It then explains each entry in every &gnum; menu, submenu or context menu. A menu is a graphical element within a program which appears with a list of options. For instance, almost all applications have a File menu through which the user can access the computer's filesystem to open or save their work. The main menus are on the menubar. The use of these menus is discussed in . &gnum; also uses context menus to give users a quick way to access certain commands. The context menu will open up right under the mouse pointer when one of the secondary mouse buttons, usually the rightmost, is clicked. This menu is called a context menu because the entries in the menu are different depending on the location of the mouse pointer. The context menus are discussed in . Both the main menus, on the menubar, and context menus may have submenus. A submenu is indicated by a small right-pointing arrow. To access a submenu, move the pointer down to the submenu entry. When the submenu opens, move the pointer directly across into the submenu. When there is not enough room to the right of the currently open menu, submenus may open to the left. Note that the submenu will close if the mouse pointer moves into any other menu entry. You can also use the keyboard to navigate menus and submenus. See to access the main menus using the keyboard. Once a menu is displayed, menu entries can be highlighted by pressing the down and up arrow keys. When a submenu opens, pressing the right arrow key moves the highlight to the first entry of the submenu. When a submenu entry is highlighted, pressing the left arrow key removes the highlight from the submenu. Pressing the space bar or the Enter key activates the highlighted menu entry. Menu entries ending with an ellipsis (three dots) open a dialog window which asks for more choices. The default location of the menubar is at the top of the application window. The menus provide quick and organized access to all major commands such as opening files, saving files, printing and quitting the application.

An image of the &gnum; menubar.

To open a &gnum; menu, click on the name of the menu in the menu bar. Once clicked, the menu will stay open. If the mouse pointer is moved to the name of another menu on the menubar, the first menu will close and the new menu open up. This is a useful way to look in each menu to hunt for a commands. Menus can also be opened through the keyboard. Pressing and holding the Alt key causes one of the letters in each menu name to be underlined. Press-and-hold Alt and press the underlined letter to open the associated menu. Using the keyboard for menu activation or navigation causes a letter of each menu or submenu item label to be underlined. Press that letter key to activate the menu item. Once a menu is open, the arrow keys can be used to move between menus or select an entry in a particular menu. To close an open menu, click over any other area of the application or of the desktop or press the Escape key, Esc. Many menu entries are followed by a series of key names. These keys can be used to perform the menu action without having to open the menu. These are often combinations of keys involving the control key which is labeled as Ctrl, the shift key which is labeled Shift and the function keys which are labeled with an F and then a number. For example, to quickly cut a selection (accessible through the Edit menu), the user can make a selection and then type the control key and the "x" key at the same time. The File menu is the most important menu in &gnum; because it gives the user the ability to interact with the computer operating system. This menu allows the user to create files containing all the work they have done. It also enables users to print the results of their work. Finally, the File menu is the best way to close &gnum;.

An image of the File menu.

The menu choices are grouped into the following groups: 1 Workbook creation operations. These menu items perform operations on files. Each item is presented below. File operations are critical and are therefore discussed in their own section latter in this manual in . New — Create a new workbook. This opens a new workbook in a new window. By default the workbook will be named "Book1" or another number if there is already a worksheet with that name open. Note that the opened file has not yet been saved. New From Template — This menu item brings up a submenu from which a template can be selected. Rather than creating a new empty workbook, the template specifies some standard content. The new workbook is opened in a new window. The name named of the workbook is determined by the name of the template. Note that the opened file has not yet been saved. Open — The Open menu item opens the file chooser dialog to allow the user to pick an existing workbook for &gnum; to open. Files in many different spreadsheet formats can be opened. To open files in a non-spreadsheet format, use the Data menu described in . See for details. The Open menu item creates a new window containing the selected file. A more extensive discussion is presented in . 2 File creation operations. Save — The Save menu item saves the current worksheet. If the file has been named and saved before, this will silently save the file to the current filename. If it has not been saved before, this will act as if the Save As... menu item had been called and prompt the user for a filename. Save As... — The Save As... menu item allows users to save a file which has not yet been named to a named file. This is always used when a user saves a file which &gnum; has named by default. This menu item can also be used to save a newly created file or to save an existing file to a new and different name. To export data from &gnum; to a non-spreadsheet format, use the Data menu described in . For an explanation of the file formats which &gnum; supports see . 3 Printing operations. These menu items enable &gnum; to print. Each item is presented below and printing issues are discussed fully in . Page Setup... — The Page Setup... menu item call the Page Setup dialog. This dialog allows the user to set various printing options such as paper type, margin sizes and running header and footer formats. This dialog is explained in detail in . Print Area — The Print Area menu item opens the submenu shown in . The items in this submenu allow the print area to be set, shown or cleared; and manual page breaks to be set or cleared. The print area of a sheet is that range of the sheet that should be printed. Items outside of the print area are usually omitted when printing. When printing &gnum; will usually choose the appropriate page breaks. Manual page breaks can be used to force &gnum; to insert a page break prematurely.

An image of the Print Area submenu.

Print... — The Print... menu item allows a user to print one or all of the worksheets in a workbook. &gnum; can send files directly to a printer or can print to postscript or portable document format files. The Print dialog is explained further in . Print Preview... — The Print Preview... menu item calls a dialog which presents the current workbook as it would be printed with the current Page Setup settings. The dialog also permits the user to print. This dialog is explained in . 4 Miscellaneous Operations. Send To... — The Send To... menu item call the Send To dialog. This dialog allows the user to send a &gnum; workbook as an attachment to an email message. This dialog is explained in detail in . Document Properties... — The Document Properties... menu item calls the Document Properties dialog, a dialog with several tabs that allow many document specific settings to be adjusted. The dialog is described in detail in . 5 Recently used files. The first three menu entries in this section are shortcuts to re-open recently used files. The list will change dynamically as new workbooks are opened and created. Clicking on a file name listed here is the same as using the Open menu entry and finding the file in the Find File dialog. Note that if the file has been moved since &gnum; last saved it, &gnum; will not find the file. To access any recent file not listed, one can use the Full History... menu item below. Full History... — The Full History... menu item opens a dialog that shows all recently used files. 6 The Close and Quit operations. These menu items either close the current worksheet, Close, or close all open worksheets, Quit. &gnum; will prompt the user with a Save Workbook.. dialog for any workbooks that have been changed since the last time they were opened or saved. Close — The Close menu item allows the user to close the current workbook. If this is the only workbook which this instance of &gnum; has open, the close operation will also quit &gnum;. If other workbooks are open, this workbook will close without affecting the others. If the workbook has unsaved changes, &gnum; will ask the user if he wants to save the file. Quit — The Quit menu item will close all the workbooks currently being used by &gnum; and quit the program. &gnum; will prompt the user asking if he wants to save any workbooks which has changes which have not been saved. The Edit menu is mostly used for operations on a worksheet or between worksheets. This menu gives users powerful editing operations such as the ability to undo recent changes, the ability to cut and paste selections of cells and the ability to search for specific cell contents.

An image of the Edit menu.

The menu choices are grouped into the following groups: 1 Change History. These menu items allow the user to remove recent changes to a worksheet or re-introduce changes which have been undone. These options give the user control over recent edits. This functionality is often called the "change history" of an application. The type of edit has no importance. An edit which deletes the contents of a cell is treated in the same way as an edit which adds contents to a cell. The change history is session specific. The user will not be able to undo changes through the change history if the file is saved and then re-opened. Note also that the list only covers the last few dozen operations. The number of operations which &gnum; tracks in its history depends on the size and complexity of those operations. You can customize this number using the preference facility described in . There are a few unusual operations which are not yet tracked in this way. Undo — The Undo menu item is used to remove the last few edits from a workbook. The edits must be undone in order. This menu item removes only the last edit from the workbook. The user can also access the undo list through one of the toolbar buttons and its associated menu. With this menu, the user can undo several operations at once. This is explained in section . Redo — The Redo menu item is used after an undo operation to restore the change that was undone. The menu item only restores the last undone operation. Users can also restore edit using a button on the standard toolbar and through the associated menu. The menu allows several operations to be redone at once. It is explained in . 2 Operations on selected areas. These menu items enable selected cell contents to be moved around a spreadsheet, moved between worksheets or between workbooks. Selections are areas of the spreadsheet that have been chosen, usually with the mouse, and are usually colored pale blue. Selections are explained in greater detail in . &gnum; currently only allows single range selections for these operations. To use these menu items, the user must first select the range of the cut or copy area. When the user then picks these menu items, the contents of the selected areas will be entered into the &gnum; clipboard and into the X clipboard. The contents of the &gnum; clipboard can then be inserted into a new region of the spreadsheet, into another worksheet or into a new workbook. The X clipboard holds the space delimited results of each cell: either the text or the result of any calculation. The X clipboard can be pasted into any text area. Cut — The Cut menu item is used to remove a selection from the selected area of a currently open workbook. When the menu item is chosen, the selected area will be outlined with a moving dotted line. This is the area which will be moved. The selection will only be removed after it is moved to the new location. Until then cut has not had an effect on the worksheet. Copy — The Copy menu item allows a user to duplicate a selection. The original data remains where it was and the &gnum; clipboard (and the X clipboard) has a copy which can be inserted elsewhere. Paste — The Paste menu item is used to paste the contents of a selection which has been cut or copied. If the selection was cut, it is pasted into the new location unchanged. Cell references will not change in that they will still point to the same cells. Paste Special... — The Paste Special... is used to paste a selection while altering certain characteristics. The Paste Special... menu item opens a dialog with three categories. The defaults make Paste Special... act as if it were the Paste menu item.

An image of the Paste Special Dialog.

The first set of choices allow the user to control the data pasted.The user can chose to limit the pasting to only the cell contents (no cell formatting is copied) or --- the opposite --- only cell formats copied (no contents). Furthermore, the user can insert the selection while transforming all the contents into values only. In this case, formulae will not be copied, only the results will be. A second set of choices allows the user to perform simple mathematical transformations during the paste. The data in the cells being pasted into are modified by the cell contents. For instance, using the divide operation will result in each cell in the zone pasted into being divided by the equivalent cell which was copied originally. The third set of choices allow the transposition or flip of the original selection. The transpose choice will change the selection by flipping it about the diagonal from top left to bottom right. Similarly, flip horizontally and flip vertically paste the selection accordingly. The skip blanks check box prevents &gnum; from taking any action for the cells in the selection that are blank. Normally &gnum; will modify formulae that use relative addressing to cells outside the selection. The do not change formulae checkbox suppresses this change. (Note that references to cells within the selection are always preserved.) 3 Data entry and removal operations. These operations add or remove data from the worksheet. They differ in the type of data modified or removed and the possible re-arrangement of remaining data, as explained below. With one exception noted below, these operations are like the previous group in acting based on the selected cells. Clear opens a submenu with eight choices, organized into two sets of four. The first group affects all cells in the selection. The second group applies the same actions to just the selected cells that are in rows selected by the filter. See for details of setting up a filter. Choose All to clear all the elements of the cells in the selection: the formats and hyperlinks, the comments, and the contents. Choose Formats & Hyperlinks to clear the formats and hyperlinks while leaving the data or formula in the cell intact. This removes any borders, re-sets the cell alignments, changes the background colour to white and the text colour to black, resets the number format to General, and removes the hyperlink associated with each cell, if any. Choose Comments to delete the comments for the cells in the selection. Choose Contents to leave the cell's formatting in place but remove the formula or data contents of the cell. Delete opens a submenu with five choices. They permit deleting a range of rows or columns, deleting just the selected cells, or deleting just the comments or hyperlinks associated with the selected cells. Choose Columns or Rows to delete the columns or rows, respectively, that cover the cells in the selection. Selecting Rows when the selection is one or more columns or Columns when the selection is one or more rows deletes all cells in the worksheet. The space left by deleted rows is filled by moving lower rows up. The space left by deleted columns is filled by moving to the left columns which were right of the selection. For example, if columns D and E are deleted, &gnum; will move the contents of all columns from F onwards two columns to the left. Cells...: If the selection is one or more columns or one or more rows, Cells... deletes the selected columns or rows as described above. If the selection is a block of cells, Cells... opens a dialog asking how to fill in the deleted cells. Blocks of cells can be filled in by the columns of cells below the block selection or by the rows on the right of the block.

An image of the Delete Cells Dialog.

For example, if the block of cells from E6:G8 is deleted, those cells would be filled in by the cells below E8, F8 and G8 if the Shift cells up option were chosen. The cells to the right of G6, G7 and G8 would fill in the space from the right if the Shift cells left option were chosen. The two Delete choices are the same as Edit ▶ Delete ▶ Rows and Edit ▶ Delete ▶ Columns. Comments: This is the same as Edit ▶ Clear ▶ Comments, described above. Hyperlinks: This is similar to Edit ▶ Clear ▶ Formats & Hyperlinks, as described above, except that existing cell formats are not disturbed. Modify opens a submenu with three choices: Comment... opens the Edit Cell Comment dialog. This is the same as the dialog for Comment... on the . See for more information. Hyperlink... opens the Hyperlink dialog. This is the same as the dialog for Hyperlink... on the . See for more information. Names... opens the Define Names dialog. explains names and describes the dialog. 4 Search and replace operations. Search... — The Search... menu item opens a dialog to search for cells with particular content. The dialog has three tabs. In the first the user can enter the information the user wants to find and some constraints on the search. The second tab gives some extra choices for the search. When the user has picked the options they prefer, pushing the search button on the first tab will run the search. The third tab will show which cells match the search. Search & Replace... — The Search & Replace.. menu item will launch a dialog to find cells with particular characteristics and replace them all with a common content. This dialog is similar to the Search dialog. 5 Other operations on worksheets. Sheet — From the Sheet submenu you can perform operations on the worksheet as a whole. These functions are also available from the worksheet tab context menu. You can create, duplicate, rename, re-order, or delete worksheets. These functions are described in detail in . Select — The Select menu item allows the user to select various portions of the worksheet. When selected it opens a submenu.

An image of the Select Submenu.

The All item provides a quick way to select the entire worksheet. The Row and Column items allow the user to select all the rows or columns spanned by the current selection. The Array menu item allows a user to select all the cells which are part of the same array as the current cell. The Depends menu item selects all the cells which contain formula that reference data in the current cell. Similarly, the Inputs menu item selects all the cells whose data is referenced by the formula in the current cell. The Next Object menu item selects the next sheet object on the current sheet. If no object is selected it will select the object locate at the front. The Go to Top, Go to Bottom, Go to the First, Go to the Last, menu items move the selection within a rectangular block of data cells. the front. Goto cell... — The Goto cell... menu item opens up a dialog which allows the user to type the name or address of a cell in the worksheet. The current view will then change to ensure that the selected cell is in the current view and the selection will cover that cell. Recalculate — The Recalculate menu item forces the workbook to recalculate its results. This is useful if a formula in the current worksheet depends on a cell in a different workbook. &gnum; will not necessarily know when that data has been updated so a user can force &gnum; to recalculate all the cells in the current workbook. 6 General Configuration of &gnum;. Preferences... — The Preference... menu item calls the &gnum; Preferences dialog explained in detail in The View menu is

An image of the View menu.

The menu choices are grouped into the following groups: 1 Alternative views of the current document. These menu items allow the user to open multiple views of the same document. New View... — The New View... menu item opens up a new window with the current workbook visible. and where both windows are open to the same section of the workbook. If the user starts editing a different part of the sheet in one view, the other view moves automatically to that portion of the worksheet. Similarly, if the user changes to a different worksheet in one view, the other view changes also. Freeze Panes — The Freeze Panes menu item is used to freeze the top-most and leftmost visible portion of the worksheet. This is useful to be able to line up portions of the worksheet which are not usually together. For instance, if a user had a very large table with the titles of each column of data on row 12, the user could select row 13 and select this menu item. If the user scrolled through each data row, the data would line up underneath each header. There are 3 ways to determine which rows and/or columns should be frozen. If the selection is at least partially visible and does not include the cell A1, &gnum; freezes the portion of the worksheet above or to the left of the current selection. If the selection is at least partially visible, includes cell A1, and does not consist of whole rows or columns, &gnum; freezes all rows or columns intersecting the selection. If the selection is at least partially visible, includes cell A1, and consists of whole rows or columns, &gnum; freezes those rows or columns. If the selection is not visible at all, then &gnum; freezes those rows and columns to the left or above the sixth visible column and tenth visible row. In all cases, the region of the worksheet above or to the left of the currently visible region will become inaccessible until the view is unfrozen. Windows — The Windows menu item provides access to a submenu which lists all of the windows which are currently open. This provides an easy way to jump between all the different instances and views of &gnum; documents. 2 Changes to the current view. These menu items alter the display of the current view. Toolbars — The Toolbars menu item provides a submenu which lists each &gnum; toolbar. The toolbars in this submenu which have a check mark in front of their name will be shown. The display status of each toolbar can be changed by selecting the menu item with that toolbar's name. View Statusbar — The View Statusbar menu item determines whether to display the status bar and information area at the bottom of each worksheets. Selecting the menu item toggles the check mark in front. When this menu item has the checkmark, &gnum; will display the statusbar. Full Screen — The Full Screen menu item changes the display of &gnum; from a window based display to a display which occupies the whole screen. In full screen mode, the window borders will not be displayed nor will the toolbars. The key F11 toggles between full screen and regular display mode. When this menu item has the checkmark, &gnum; is in Full Screen mode. View Properties... — The View Properties... menu item opens the View Properties dialog.

An image of the View Properties dialog.

The View Properties dialog has four tabs. Auto Completion is described in , Protection in .

An image of the Cell Markers tab of the View Properties dialog.

The check boxes on the Cell Markers tab shown in determine whether cells are shown with indicators that they contain formulae and/or that they have clipped content. The check boxes on the Widget tab shown in determine whether the notebook tabs, the horizontal scrollbar and/or the vertical scrollbars are shown in this view. 3 Zoom... opens a dialog where you can set the magnification of one or more worksheets in the current workbook. The Insert menu is

An image of the Insert menu.

The menu choices are grouped into the following groups: 1 Insert into workbook. These menu items alter the cells available in a workbook. Cells... — The Cells... menu item opens a dialog asking the user how the sheet should be altered when new cells are inserted. The dialog lists four choices. The user can choose one of these by clicking the mouse pointer on one of the four dots. Only one choice is possible and the currently selected choice has a black dot in front. The Shift cells right will insert a region of new cells of the size of the current selection. Cells which are on the same row as the selection and within or to the right of the selection will shift over to the right to accommodate the new cells. The Shift cells down choice will also insert a region of new cells the same size as the current selection. With this choice, cells which are in the selection or below the selection will move down to accommodate the new cells. The two other choices will act as if the user had chosen to insert rows or columns. These actions are explained above. Columns — The Columns menu item will insert columns to the left of the current selection. The number of columns inserted will equal the number of columns spanned by the current selection. Rows — The Rows menu item will insert rows above the current selection. The number of rows inserted will be equal to the number of rows spanned by the current selection. Sheet — The Sheet menu item allows the user to insert a worksheet immediately following the current sheet. 2 Insert an object into the worksheet or content into the current cell. The menu items insert sheet objects into the worksheet or insert content into the current cell. Graph... — The Graph... menu item will allow a user to insert a graphic plot of data. This menu item will launch the graph druid. Graphing in &gnum; is explained in . Image... — The Image... menu item will allow a user to insert a graphic object containing the image from an external file. The use of images in &gnum; is explained in . Function — This menu item opens a dialog to allow the user to enter a mathematical formula into the cell. The function dialog includes the names and a brief explanation of all the available functions. Function Wrapper — Selecting an item from the submenu shown in replaces every rectangular region in the current selection with an array function in which the appropriate function is wrapped around an array version of the current content. This can be used to create a self-sorting data region.

An image of the Function Wrapper submenu.

Name... opens a dialog with a list of all defined names that can be pasted into the current cell. The dialog is similar to the Define Names dialog opened by choosing Modify ▶ Names... from the . See for details. Comment... opens a dialog where you can enter or edit a comment for the active cell. The dialog is described in . Hyperlink... opens a dialog for entering the location of a link. The dialog is described in . Special opens a submenu from which you can insert predefined content into a cell. You can insert the current date, the current time, or both. The Format menu allows users to control the formats of cells, columns, rows, worksheets and the workbook. This menu also gives users access to templates of standard formats.

An image of the Format menu and its Cells submenu.

The Format Menu offers these menuitems: Cells — The Cells... menu item opens a submenu with choices to allows the user to modify the formatting of the selected cells. Format... — The Format... menu item opens the cell format dialog. This dialog is used to set cell data types and formats. It is explained in . Conditional Formatting... — The Conditional Formatting... menu item opens the conditional format dialog. This dialog is used to set cell data types and formats that depend on values in the workbook. It is explained in . Merge — This menu item combines the current selection into a single large cell. Unmerge — This menu item divides a merged selection into the original cells. Auto Fit Height — This menu item makes &gnum; automatically choose the optimal row heights to display all of the text in the current selection. Auto Fit Width — This menu item makes &gnum; automatically choose the optimal column widths to display all of the text in the current selection. Column — The Column menu item opens a submenu with choices to allows the user to modify the view of the selected columns.

An image of the Column submenu.

Width... — The Width... menu item opens a dialog to enable the user to adjust the size of the columns which hold the current selection. The dialog has a single entry box in which the user can change the current size of the column in points. Auto Fit Width — This menu item makes &gnum; automatically choose the optimal column size to display all of the text in the current selection. Hide — The Hide menu item will hide the columns containing the current selection. &gnum; still holds these columns in memory and will save them to a file but will not display those columns. The only indication that a user has that columns have been hidden is that the column header names are not sequential. Unhide — This menu item will show columns which are hidden if the selection spans the two columns on either side of the selection. If columns D, E, and F have been hidden, the selection must span at least across columns C and G for this menu item to unhide columns D, E, and F. Standard Width — This menu item allows the user to resize the columns which hold the selection to the standard size. At 100 percent zoom this is 48 points or 64 pixels. Row — The Row menu item provides the same functions as the Column menu item but operates on rows. Height... — This menu item opens a dialog which allows the user to type in a row height in pixels. Auto Fit Height — This menu item changes the rows which hold the selection to the optimal height to hold the text in the selection. Hide — The Hide menu item will hide the rows in the selection. The workbook still contains the data in the hidden rows but those rows are not shown. Unhide — This menu item will make hidden rows visible. The selection must span the rows which are hidden for this menu item to unhide the hidden rows. Standard Height — This menu item resizes the rows back to the default height of 12.75 points or 17 pixels (at 100 percent zoom). Sheet opens a submenu where you can change properties of the current worksheet. With the exception of Manage Sheets... and Zoom..., all operations on this submenu apply to just the current worksheet.

An image of the Sheet submenu.

1 Sheet Management These items are also on the worksheet tab context menu, accessed by clicking (usually with the right mouse button) on one of the worksheet tabs. Manage Sheets... opens a dialog from which the names and many properties of all the sheets can be managed. Properties that can be managed from this dialog include locking, worksheet visibility, column display order (left to right or right to left), sheet name, sheet order, and sheet tab appearance. From this dialog you can also add new worksheets and duplicate or remove existing worksheets. For more information, see . Rename... opens the Rename Sheet dialog. Edit the sheet name in the New Name: field and press Enter or click OK to change the worksheet name. 2 Sheet Display Toggles The second section contains various toggles that control how a worksheet is displayed. If a toggle is enabled, a small check mark is displayed to the left of the menu item. Display Formulas — When this property is enabled, the worksheet will show the actual formulae for all cells with formulae, instead of showing the calculated result. You can use this property to quickly determine which cells contain data and which contain formulae. Use R1C1 Notation — When this property is enabled, &gnum; uses R1C1-style notation to address cells, rather than A1 notation. Hide Zeros — When this property is enabled, &gnum; displays all cells which would display a zero value as empty cells. This can be used to more easily find cells with non-zero data in sheets with many zero results. Hide Gridlines — When this property is enabled, &gnum; does not draw the grid lines that ordinarily separate cells. Hide Column Headers — When this property is enabled, &gnum; does not display the column headers, which leaves room in the cell grid for roughly one more row of cells of default height. Hide Row Header — When this property is enabled, &gnum; does not display the row headers, which leaves slightly more room to display the contents of cells. Direction — When this menu item is selected, &gnum; switches between left-to-right sheets and right-to-left sheets. If row headers are displayed, they are moved to the right-hand side of the cell grid when the worksheet is displayed right to left. 3 Zoom... Zoom... opens a dialog where you can set the magnification of one or more worksheets in the current workbook. Autoformat... — This menu item opens the autoformat dialog to give user access to a list of format templates. Format templates are useful for users who are often filling out tables in a particular format. The user picks an area of the worksheet into which they want to apply the template. Most templates define headers and footers so the selection area must be big enough to fit those template elements and the user's data. The template will not affect data which has already been input into a worksheet. The dialog has two tabs: Preview and Template Details. The details are simply information about the template. The Preview tab has three main options: a Settings menu, an Edit menu and a category chooser. The settings menu allows a user to pick what parts of the template they want to copy into the worksheet. The edit menu will be used to create new templates. Currently templates are written as text into an extensible markup language (XML) format. The category chooser gives the user access to different groups of templates. Templates in each category are displayed in the middle area of the dialog. Users select the template they want to use by clicking on it. The currently selected template is highlighted with a red boundary which may be hard to see. The Tools menu is

An image of the Tools menu.

The menu choices are grouped into the following groups: 1 Automatic tools These two tools allow the user to make &gnum; automatically correct typing or automatically save workbooks at periodic intervals. Auto Correct... — The Auto Correct... menu item opens a dialog which allows the user to configure the way in which &gnum; automatically corrects text which is being entered. The dialog presents the user with three tabs. Each of these tabs allows the user to correct one type of common spelling mistake, while allowing the user to add exceptions to the rules. &gnum; can automatically capitalize the names of week days. &gnum; can automatically change an entry which starts with two capital letters to only start with one and &gnum; can change a sentence entry to start with a capital letter. Auto Save — The Auto Save menu item opens a dialog which allows the user to have &gnum; automatically save the current workbook after a fixed interval of time. The user can also have &gnum; ask for confirmation before saving so that the user always remains aware of the state the workbook was in when it was saved. 2 Linear programming, scenario generation, simulation and statistical analysis tools &gnum; can be used to solve systems of linear equations and other mathematical problems. These two dialogs enable access to these tools. A full discussion of these tools is presented in . Goal Seek — The Goal Seek menu item opens a dialog through which the user can configure &gnum; to iteratively search for a numeric value which solves a formula. This dialog is explained in . Solver — The Solver menu item opens a dialog through which the user can configure &gnum; to solve linear systems of equations. This is explained in . Scenarios — The Scenarios menu item displays a submenu with two entries. The View... menu item opens a dialog in which the user can select previously defined scenarios. The Add... menu item opens a dialog in which the user can define the contents of a new scenario. Simulation — The Simulation menu item opens a multipaned dialog allowing the user to configure the parameters for a simulation using linear modeling constraints. 3 The Plug-ins dialog. This entry launches the plug-in management dialog. Plug-ins are programs which are separate from &gnum; but provide useful functionality. Some of the core parts of &gnum;, such as Excel file format support, are actually plugins. This means that a user who never uses Excel files can remove this module from &gnum; and make &gnum; use less memory. The Statistics menu is

An image of the Statistics menu.

The Statistics menu and its submenus contain all available statistical analysis tools. These tools are explained in . The Data menu is

An image of the Data menu.

The menu choices are grouped into the following groups: 1 Data Field tools. These menu items allow the user to re-organize data. Sort... — The Sort... menu item opens a dialog which allows users to sort a selection according to defined criteria. By default &gnum; sorts the rows in a selected area depending on the contents of the cells in a particular column of each row. The sort criteria can be extended to calculate on the basis of the cells in several columns. &gnum; can sort a selection using any number of rules. Rules can be added using the Add button. Rules with no column entered will be ignored or the user can remove these rules with the Remove button. For each rule, the dialog has an entry box in which the column to be sorted must be entered. The dropdown box (the little down pointing arrow) will show a list of appropriate columns. The user can determine a sort order for the selection. The Advanced button allows the user to further characterize the sort criteria.. If the first row of the selection is a header, &gnum; can be told not to shuffle this row during the sort. &gnum; can also sort columns based on the contents of cells in specified rows, instead of shuffling rows on the basis of columns, if the user toggles the Sort to act right-left instead of top-down. Shuffle... — The Shuffle... menu item opens a submenu that allows various forms of data to be created. Fill — The Fill menu item opens a dialog that allows users to shuffle a selection. Shuffling means to rearrange the cells in the selection into a random order. The dialog allows users to shuffle the data within a column, within a row, or within an area. Filter — The Filter menu item opens a submenu with three entries: Add Auto Filter, Show All, and Advanced Filter entry. Filters are explained in . Validate... — The Validate... menu item opens the cell format dialog to the validation tab. Validation is a means of constraining the contents of a cell either to have a certain value or to fall within a certain range. Consolidate... — The Consolidate... menu item opens a dialog box through which a user can create derived information based on data in other worksheets. Table... — Group and Outline — The Group and Outline menu item provides a submenu through which users can group rows or columns into units which can be collapsed to be hidden from view. These entries also allow users to alter the display of the grouping handles on the borders of the worksheet. 2 Data Modifications or Import. These entries allow user to convert data already in a worksheet or to import external data directly into a worksheet. Text to Columns... — The Text to Columns... menu item opens a dialog box through which a user can create derived information based on data in other worksheets. Import Data — The Import Data menu item provides the following submenu:

An image of the Import Data submenu.

The items in this submenu allow the user to import data from various non-spreadsheet formats. To open files in a spreadsheet format, use the Open menu described in . See for details. These submenu items create a new window containing the selected file. A more extensive discussion is presented in . Export Data — The Export Data menu item provides the following submenu:

An image of the Export Data submenu.

The items in this submenu allows users to export the current file or sheet to a non-spreadsheet format. The Repeat Export menu item repeats the last export in the current session or, if the file was recently imported, exports the file to the original source. To save data from &gnum; in a spreadsheet format, use the Save As... menu described in . For an explanation of the file formats which &gnum; supports see . The Help menu is quite simple.

An image of the Help menu.

The Help menu connects users to this manual, to the list of functions available for use in &gnum; and to the list of people who created this wonderful application. 1 Entries to find help and report a problem with &gnum; These menu items allow the user to obtain help from several sources or to report a problem with the program. Contents — This menu entry allows the user to launch the local help system and display this manual. &gnum; on the Web — This menu entry allows the user to launch a web browser and explore the web site dedicated to &gnum; on the server used by the GNOME project. Live Assistance — This menu entry allows the user to launch an Internet Relay Chat (IRC) client to join the GIMPnet network and the #&gnum; channel. This channel is used by the &gnum; developers. There is generally someone around who will, after a few minutes, notice a nice question and attempt to answer it. Live assistance is provided on a purely voluntary basis. There are no guarantees that your question will be answered or that the answer will be correct. We generally try our best to answer questions when they are asked politely and when the user shows that they have at least looked in the User Manual for an answer. Report a Problem — This menu entry allows the user to launch a web browser and open the page on GNOME's Bugzilla bug entry system for the &gnum; program. This page includes instructions on submitting reports of problems. The first time a user reports a problem, they will be asked to login to the system. 2 The About &gnum; dialog. About —Shows basic information about &gnum;, such as the authors' names and the application version number. Context menus are menus which open up under the mouse pointer and are therefore detached from the format graphical structure of the application. These menus provide an extra and convenient way to access &gnum; commands. All of the commands in context menus are available through the regular menu system. Context menus provide different commands depending on the position of the pointer. To activate a context menu, a user simply positions the pointer over the appropriate area and clicks one of the buttons on their mouse. Since this button is configurable and users have mice with different buttons, it may be a different button on any given machine or may even require the combination of a keyboard key and a mouse buttons. The user will have to find how to do this themselves. Currently &gnum; provides five different context menus. The context menu that is called in the central grid area is discussed next in . The Context menu that appears when the pointer is over the row headers or column headers is presented in . Another context menu relates to the worksheet tabs and is explained in . Yet another context menu applies to embedded objects or shaped components such as a plot. These are shown in . The context menu in the cell grid area appears when the pointer is over the cell grid area. This menu applies to the cells that have been selected, not necessarily the cell underneath the mouse pointer.

An image of the context menu in the cell grid area.

The grid context menu merely provides an extra way to access &gnum; commands. The Cut, Copy, Paste, Paste Special, Delete Cells..., Clear Contents, Remove Comment, Edit Hyperlink, and Remove Link commands are taken from the Edit menu and its submenus and are explained in . The Insert Cells... and Add Comment menu items are explained in the section on the Insert menu in . The Format Cells..., Conditional Formatting... items as well as the items on the Cell, Column, and Row submenus are explained in the manual section on the Format menu in . The Context Menu for Column and Row Headers

An image of the context menu on a row header.

The context menu which relates to column or row headers is similar to the context menu for the grid area. Both insert and delete operations are modified to operate explicitly on rows or on columns. The context menu for worksheet tabs provides access to functions that manipulate worksheets as a whole, rather than their contents.

An image of the context menu of the worksheet tabs.

The context menu for the worksheet tabs provides the same functions as the Sheet submenu of the Edit menu. These functions are explained in . There are also two submenus where you can select one of the existing sheets, whether its tab is currently visible or not. The first submenu lists the sheets in their current order, the second submenu lists them alphabetically. The Context Menu for Embedded Objects and Components.

An image of the context menu on embedded objects.

All embedded objects, such as drawing elements, graphs and images, have a context menu which can be invoked by placing the mouse pointer over the element and clicking with one of the secondary mouse buttons. The first menu entry, labeled Properties, will open a dialog specific to the type of element selected in which the user can configure the properties of the element. The menu entry labeled Size & Position, will open a dialog that permits the user to adjust the size and position of the embedded object. The menu entry labeled Snap to Grid, enlarges the object such that all of its corners are located at cell corners. The menu entry labeled Order, opens a submenu which allows the user to change the visual order in which the graphical elements are placed. This order will affect the way in which the graphical elements obscure each other.

An image of the context submenu allowing the re-ordering of graphical objects.

The menu entries labeled Cut, Copy, and Delete, allow the user to operate on the whole object at once. The Cut menu item allows the user to remove the element from its current position and then paste the object in a different location on the same sheet, in a different worksheet, in a different &gnum; file, or in a file from a different program entirely. The Copy menu item provides the same functionality while leaving the original item in place. The Delete allows the user to remove the graphical element entirely. The remaining menu item, Print, allows just the selected object to be printed. For certain types of objects, a menu entry labeled Save As Image... allows the object to be saved as an image file. This menu item is not present in but is shown in .

An image of the context menu for graphs and images.

Graphs have a context menu that also contains menu entries labeled Open in New Window and Copy to New Graph Sheet. The Open in New Window menu item shows the graph by itself in a window. The Copy to New Graph Sheet copies the graph to a special sheet in the current workbook that contains only a single graph. The Context Menu for Toolbars

An image of the context menu on the toolbars.

The context menu for toolbars allows the user to configure toolbars. Each toolbar can be displayed above the sheets, to the left of the sheets, or to the right of the sheets. The context menu can also be used to hide a toolbar. The toolbar can be made visible again via the Toolbars submenu of the View menu. See .