// Copyright 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.

#include "media/audio/mac/audio_auhal_mac.h"

#include <CoreServices/CoreServices.h>

#include <algorithm>
#include <string>

#include "base/bind.h"
#include "base/bind_helpers.h"
#include "base/logging.h"
#include "base/mac/mac_logging.h"
#include "base/metrics/histogram_macros.h"
#include "base/strings/stringprintf.h"
#include "base/trace_event/trace_event.h"
#include "media/audio/mac/audio_manager_mac.h"
#include "media/base/audio_pull_fifo.h"
#include "media/base/audio_timestamp_helper.h"

namespace media {

static void WrapBufferList(AudioBufferList* buffer_list,
                           AudioBus* bus,
                           int frames) {
  DCHECK(buffer_list);
  DCHECK(bus);
  const int channels = bus->channels();
  const int buffer_list_channels = buffer_list->mNumberBuffers;
  CHECK_EQ(channels, buffer_list_channels);

  // Copy pointers from AudioBufferList.
  for (int i = 0; i < channels; ++i) {
    bus->SetChannelData(
        i, static_cast<float*>(buffer_list->mBuffers[i].mData));
  }

  // Finally set the actual length.
  bus->set_frames(frames);
}

AUHALStream::AUHALStream(AudioManagerMac* manager,
                         const AudioParameters& params,
                         AudioDeviceID device,
                         const AudioManager::LogCallback& log_callback)
    : manager_(manager),
      params_(params),
      output_channels_(params_.channels()),
      number_of_frames_(params_.frames_per_buffer()),
      number_of_frames_requested_(0),
      source_(NULL),
      device_(device),
      audio_unit_(0),
      volume_(1),
      stopped_(true),
      current_lost_frames_(0),
      last_sample_time_(0.0),
      last_number_of_frames_(0),
      total_lost_frames_(0),
      largest_glitch_frames_(0),
      glitches_detected_(0),
      log_callback_(log_callback) {
  // We must have a manager.
  DCHECK(manager_);
  CHECK(!log_callback_.Equals(AudioManager::LogCallback()));

  DVLOG(1) << "ctor";
  DVLOG(1) << "device ID: 0x" << std::hex << device;
  DVLOG(1) << "buffer size: " << number_of_frames_;
  DVLOG(1) << "output channels: " << output_channels_;
  DVLOG(1) << "sample rate: " << params_.sample_rate();
}

AUHALStream::~AUHALStream() {
  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
  DVLOG(1) << "~dtor";
  CHECK(!audio_unit_);

  ReportAndResetStats();
}

bool AUHALStream::Open() {
  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
  DCHECK(!output_bus_.get());
  DCHECK(!audio_unit_);
  DVLOG(1) << "Open";

  // Get the total number of output channels that the
  // hardware supports.
  int device_output_channels;
  bool got_output_channels = AudioManagerMac::GetDeviceChannels(
      device_,
      kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput,
      &device_output_channels);

  // Sanity check the requested output channels.
  if (!got_output_channels ||
      output_channels_ <= 0 || output_channels_ > device_output_channels) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "AudioDevice does not support requested output channels.";
    return false;
  }

  // The requested sample-rate must match the hardware sample-rate.
  int sample_rate = AudioManagerMac::HardwareSampleRateForDevice(device_);

  if (sample_rate != params_.sample_rate()) {
    LOG(ERROR) << "Requested sample-rate: " << params_.sample_rate()
               << " must match the hardware sample-rate: " << sample_rate;
    return false;
  }

  // The output bus will wrap the AudioBufferList given to us in
  // the Render() callback.
  DCHECK_GT(output_channels_, 0);
  output_bus_ = AudioBus::CreateWrapper(output_channels_);

  bool configured = ConfigureAUHAL();
  if (configured)
    hardware_latency_ = GetHardwareLatency();

  return configured;
}

void AUHALStream::Close() {
  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
  DVLOG(1) << "Close";
  CloseAudioUnit();
  // Inform the audio manager that we have been closed. This will cause our
  // destruction. Also include the device ID as a signal to the audio manager
  // that it should try to increase the native I/O buffer size after the stream
  // has been closed.
  manager_->ReleaseOutputStreamUsingRealDevice(this, device_);
}

void AUHALStream::Start(AudioSourceCallback* callback) {
  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
  DVLOG(1) << "Start";
  DCHECK(callback);
  if (!audio_unit_) {
    DLOG(ERROR) << "Open() has not been called successfully";
    return;
  }

  if (!stopped_) {
    CHECK_EQ(source_, callback);
    return;
  }

  // Check if we should defer Start() for http://crbug.com/160920.
  if (manager_->ShouldDeferStreamStart()) {
    // Use a cancellable closure so that if Stop() is called before Start()
    // actually runs, we can cancel the pending start.
    deferred_start_cb_.Reset(
        base::Bind(&AUHALStream::Start, base::Unretained(this), callback));
    manager_->GetTaskRunner()->PostDelayedTask(
        FROM_HERE, deferred_start_cb_.callback(), base::TimeDelta::FromSeconds(
            AudioManagerMac::kStartDelayInSecsForPowerEvents));
    return;
  }

  stopped_ = false;
  audio_fifo_.reset();
  {
    base::AutoLock auto_lock(source_lock_);
    source_ = callback;
  }

  OSStatus result = AudioOutputUnitStart(audio_unit_);
  if (result == noErr)
    return;

  Stop();
  OSSTATUS_DLOG(ERROR, result) << "AudioOutputUnitStart() failed.";
  callback->OnError(this);
}

void AUHALStream::Stop() {
  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
  deferred_start_cb_.Cancel();
  if (stopped_)
    return;
  DVLOG(1) << "Stop";
  DVLOG(2) << "number_of_frames: " << number_of_frames_;
  OSStatus result = AudioOutputUnitStop(audio_unit_);
  OSSTATUS_DLOG_IF(ERROR, result != noErr, result)
      << "AudioOutputUnitStop() failed.";
  if (result != noErr)
    source_->OnError(this);
  ReportAndResetStats();
  base::AutoLock auto_lock(source_lock_);
  source_ = NULL;
  stopped_ = true;
}

void AUHALStream::SetVolume(double volume) {
  volume_ = static_cast<float>(volume);
}

void AUHALStream::GetVolume(double* volume) {
  *volume = volume_;
}

// Pulls on our provider to get rendered audio stream.
// Note to future hackers of this function: Do not add locks which can
// be contended in the middle of stream processing here (starting and stopping
// the stream are ok) because this is running on a real-time thread.
OSStatus AUHALStream::Render(
    AudioUnitRenderActionFlags* flags,
    const AudioTimeStamp* output_time_stamp,
    UInt32 bus_number,
    UInt32 number_of_frames,
    AudioBufferList* data) {
  TRACE_EVENT2("audio", "AUHALStream::Render", "input buffer size",
               number_of_frames_, "output buffer size", number_of_frames);

  UpdatePlayoutTimestamp(output_time_stamp);

  // If the stream parameters change for any reason, we need to insert a FIFO
  // since the OnMoreData() pipeline can't handle frame size changes.
  if (number_of_frames != number_of_frames_) {
    // Create a FIFO on the fly to handle any discrepancies in callback rates.
    if (!audio_fifo_) {
      // TODO(grunell): We'll only care about the first buffer size change,
      // any further changes will be ignored. It would be nice to have all
      // changes reflected in UMA stats.
      number_of_frames_requested_ = number_of_frames;
      DVLOG(1) << "Audio frame size changed from " << number_of_frames_
               << " to " << number_of_frames << " adding FIFO to compensate.";
      audio_fifo_.reset(new AudioPullFifo(
          output_channels_,
          number_of_frames_,
          base::Bind(&AUHALStream::ProvideInput, base::Unretained(this))));
    }
  }

  // Make |output_bus_| wrap the output AudioBufferList.
  WrapBufferList(data, output_bus_.get(), number_of_frames);

  current_playout_time_ = GetPlayoutTime(output_time_stamp);

  if (audio_fifo_)
    audio_fifo_->Consume(output_bus_.get(), output_bus_->frames());
  else
    ProvideInput(0, output_bus_.get());

  last_number_of_frames_ = number_of_frames;

  return noErr;
}

void AUHALStream::ProvideInput(int frame_delay, AudioBus* dest) {
  base::AutoLock auto_lock(source_lock_);
  if (!source_) {
    dest->Zero();
    return;
  }

  const base::TimeTicks playout_time =
      current_playout_time_ +
      AudioTimestampHelper::FramesToTime(frame_delay, params_.sample_rate());
  const base::TimeTicks now = base::TimeTicks::Now();
  const base::TimeDelta delay = playout_time - now;

  // Supply the input data and render the output data.
  source_->OnMoreData(delay, now, current_lost_frames_, dest);
  dest->Scale(volume_);
  current_lost_frames_ = 0;
}

// AUHAL callback.
OSStatus AUHALStream::InputProc(
    void* user_data,
    AudioUnitRenderActionFlags* flags,
    const AudioTimeStamp* output_time_stamp,
    UInt32 bus_number,
    UInt32 number_of_frames,
    AudioBufferList* io_data) {
  // Dispatch to our class method.
  AUHALStream* audio_output =
      static_cast<AUHALStream*>(user_data);
  if (!audio_output)
    return -1;

  return audio_output->Render(
      flags,
      output_time_stamp,
      bus_number,
      number_of_frames,
      io_data);
}

base::TimeDelta AUHALStream::GetHardwareLatency() {
  if (!audio_unit_ || device_ == kAudioObjectUnknown) {
    DLOG(WARNING) << "AudioUnit is NULL or device ID is unknown";
    return base::TimeDelta();
  }

  // Get audio unit latency.
  Float64 audio_unit_latency_sec = 0.0;
  UInt32 size = sizeof(audio_unit_latency_sec);
  OSStatus result = AudioUnitGetProperty(
      audio_unit_,
      kAudioUnitProperty_Latency,
      kAudioUnitScope_Global,
      0,
      &audio_unit_latency_sec,
      &size);
  if (result != noErr) {
    OSSTATUS_DLOG(WARNING, result) << "Could not get AudioUnit latency";
    return base::TimeDelta();
  }

  // Get output audio device latency.
  static const AudioObjectPropertyAddress property_address = {
    kAudioDevicePropertyLatency,
    kAudioDevicePropertyScopeOutput,
    kAudioObjectPropertyElementMaster
  };

  UInt32 device_latency_frames = 0;
  size = sizeof(device_latency_frames);
  result = AudioObjectGetPropertyData(
      device_,
      &property_address,
      0,
      NULL,
      &size,
      &device_latency_frames);
  if (result != noErr) {
    OSSTATUS_DLOG(WARNING, result) << "Could not get audio device latency";
    return base::TimeDelta();
  }

  int latency_frames = audio_unit_latency_sec * output_format_.mSampleRate +
                       device_latency_frames;

  return AudioTimestampHelper::FramesToTime(latency_frames,
                                            params_.sample_rate());
}

base::TimeTicks AUHALStream::GetPlayoutTime(
    const AudioTimeStamp* output_time_stamp) {
  // A platform bug has been observed where the platform sometimes reports that
  // the next frames will be output at an invalid time or a time in the past.
  // Because the target playout time cannot be invalid or in the past, return
  // "now" in these cases.
  if ((output_time_stamp->mFlags & kAudioTimeStampHostTimeValid) == 0)
    return base::TimeTicks::Now();

  return std::max(base::TimeTicks::FromMachAbsoluteTime(
                      output_time_stamp->mHostTime),
                  base::TimeTicks::Now()) +
         hardware_latency_;
}

void AUHALStream::UpdatePlayoutTimestamp(const AudioTimeStamp* timestamp) {
  if ((timestamp->mFlags & kAudioTimeStampSampleTimeValid) == 0)
    return;

  if (last_sample_time_) {
    DCHECK_NE(0U, last_number_of_frames_);
    UInt32 diff =
        static_cast<UInt32>(timestamp->mSampleTime - last_sample_time_);
    if (diff != last_number_of_frames_) {
      DCHECK_GT(diff, last_number_of_frames_);
      // We're being asked to render samples post what we expected. Update the
      // glitch count etc and keep a record of the largest glitch.
      auto lost_frames = diff - last_number_of_frames_;
      total_lost_frames_ += lost_frames;
      current_lost_frames_ += lost_frames;
      if (lost_frames > largest_glitch_frames_)
        largest_glitch_frames_ = lost_frames;
      ++glitches_detected_;
    }
  }

  // Store the last sample time for use next time we get called back.
  last_sample_time_ = timestamp->mSampleTime;
}

void AUHALStream::ReportAndResetStats() {
  if (!last_sample_time_)
    return;  // No stats gathered to report.

  // A value of 0 indicates that we got the buffer size we asked for.
  UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS("Media.Audio.Render.FramesRequested",
                       number_of_frames_requested_);
  // Even if there aren't any glitches, we want to record it to get a feel for
  // how often we get no glitches vs the alternative.
  UMA_HISTOGRAM_CUSTOM_COUNTS("Media.Audio.Render.Glitches", glitches_detected_,
                              1, 999999, 100);

  auto lost_frames_ms = (total_lost_frames_ * 1000) / params_.sample_rate();
  std::string log_message = base::StringPrintf(
      "AU out: Total glitches=%d. Total frames lost=%d (%d ms).",
      glitches_detected_, total_lost_frames_, lost_frames_ms);
  log_callback_.Run(log_message);

  if (glitches_detected_ != 0) {
    UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS("Media.Audio.Render.LostFramesInMs", lost_frames_ms);
    auto largest_glitch_ms =
        (largest_glitch_frames_ * 1000) / params_.sample_rate();
    UMA_HISTOGRAM_COUNTS("Media.Audio.Render.LargestGlitchMs",
                         largest_glitch_ms);
    DLOG(WARNING) << log_message;
  }

  number_of_frames_requested_ = 0;
  glitches_detected_ = 0;
  last_sample_time_ = 0;
  last_number_of_frames_ = 0;
  total_lost_frames_ = 0;
  largest_glitch_frames_ = 0;
}

bool AUHALStream::SetStreamFormat(
    AudioStreamBasicDescription* desc,
    int channels,
    UInt32 scope,
    UInt32 element) {
  DCHECK(desc);
  AudioStreamBasicDescription& format = *desc;

  format.mSampleRate = params_.sample_rate();
  format.mFormatID = kAudioFormatLinearPCM;
  format.mFormatFlags = kAudioFormatFlagsNativeFloatPacked |
      kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsNonInterleaved;
  format.mBytesPerPacket = sizeof(Float32);
  format.mFramesPerPacket = 1;
  format.mBytesPerFrame = sizeof(Float32);
  format.mChannelsPerFrame = channels;
  format.mBitsPerChannel = 32;
  format.mReserved = 0;

  OSStatus result = AudioUnitSetProperty(
      audio_unit_,
      kAudioUnitProperty_StreamFormat,
      scope,
      element,
      &format,
      sizeof(format));
  return (result == noErr);
}

bool AUHALStream::ConfigureAUHAL() {
  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
  if (device_ == kAudioObjectUnknown || output_channels_ == 0)
    return false;

  AudioComponentDescription desc = {
      kAudioUnitType_Output,
      kAudioUnitSubType_HALOutput,
      kAudioUnitManufacturer_Apple,
      0,
      0
  };
  AudioComponent comp = AudioComponentFindNext(0, &desc);
  if (!comp)
    return false;

  OSStatus result = AudioComponentInstanceNew(comp, &audio_unit_);
  if (result != noErr) {
    OSSTATUS_DLOG(ERROR, result) << "AudioComponentInstanceNew() failed.";
    return false;
  }

  // Enable output as appropriate.
  // See Apple technote for details about the EnableIO property.
  // Note that we use bus 1 for input and bus 0 for output:
  // http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#technotes/tn2091/_index.html
  UInt32 enable_IO = 1;
  result = AudioUnitSetProperty(
      audio_unit_,
      kAudioOutputUnitProperty_EnableIO,
      kAudioUnitScope_Output,
      0,
      &enable_IO,
      sizeof(enable_IO));
  if (result != noErr) {
    CloseAudioUnit();
    return false;
  }

  // Set the device to be used with the AUHAL AudioUnit.
  result = AudioUnitSetProperty(
      audio_unit_,
      kAudioOutputUnitProperty_CurrentDevice,
      kAudioUnitScope_Global,
      0,
      &device_,
      sizeof(AudioDeviceID));
  if (result != noErr) {
    CloseAudioUnit();
    return false;
  }

  // Set stream formats.
  // See Apple's tech note for details on the peculiar way that
  // inputs and outputs are handled in the AUHAL concerning scope and bus
  // (element) numbers:
  // http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#technotes/tn2091/_index.html

  if (!SetStreamFormat(&output_format_,
                       output_channels_,
                       kAudioUnitScope_Input,
                       0)) {
    CloseAudioUnit();
    return false;
  }

  bool size_was_changed = false;
  size_t io_buffer_frame_size = 0;
  if (!manager_->MaybeChangeBufferSize(device_, audio_unit_, 0,
                                       number_of_frames_, &size_was_changed,
                                       &io_buffer_frame_size)) {
    CloseAudioUnit();
    return false;
  }

  // Setup callback.
  AURenderCallbackStruct callback;
  callback.inputProc = InputProc;
  callback.inputProcRefCon = this;
  result = AudioUnitSetProperty(
      audio_unit_,
      kAudioUnitProperty_SetRenderCallback,
      kAudioUnitScope_Input,
      0,
      &callback,
      sizeof(callback));
  if (result != noErr) {
    CloseAudioUnit();
    return false;
  }

  result = AudioUnitInitialize(audio_unit_);
  if (result != noErr) {
    OSSTATUS_DLOG(ERROR, result) << "AudioUnitInitialize() failed.";
    CloseAudioUnit();
    return false;
  }

  return true;
}

void AUHALStream::CloseAudioUnit() {
  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
  if (!audio_unit_)
    return;

  OSStatus result = AudioUnitUninitialize(audio_unit_);
  OSSTATUS_DLOG_IF(ERROR, result != noErr, result)
      << "AudioUnitUninitialize() failed.";
  result = AudioComponentInstanceDispose(audio_unit_);
  OSSTATUS_DLOG_IF(ERROR, result != noErr, result)
      << "AudioComponentInstanceDispose() failed.";
  audio_unit_ = 0;
}

}  // namespace media